The mention of "nodule" always makes people think of malignant and benign, and thyroid nodules, as a category of nodules with a relatively high incidence rate in the clinic, have attracted more attention!

The number of people who are found to have thyroid nodules in their annual physicals is basically 40% or more, but basically it's more common in people over the age of 40.

So what exactly is a thyroid nodule?

To understand thyroid nodules, you have to know a little bit about our thyroid gland. The origin of the name of the thyroid is still quite interesting, as it looks like a butterfly lying on everyone's windpipe, but it is also called the thyroid because of the gland that looks like the armor worn by ancient warriors.But note: the thyroid and parathyroid are not the same thing; don't mistake the parathyroid in the picture for a thyroid nodule!

As you can see in the picture, the thyroid gland is located at the front of our throat, while the parathyroid gland is located at the back of the throat (i.e. the back of the thyroid gland), and is just 4 separate small grains. Of course, both the thyroid and parathyroid glands can secrete hormones that regulate the concentration of calcium in our blood, but the hormones secreted by the two glands work in opposite ways: the thyroid gland secretes calcitonin, while the parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone, which is the hormone that raises the concentration of calcium!

Thyroid nodules, on the other hand, are nodules of varying sizes that form as a result of an uneven alteration in our own relatively uniform and consistent thyroid tissue. Simply put: an abnormal alteration of the thyroid tissue, which grows inside the tissue as a nodule resembling a bag (as shown in the picture)!

What should I do if I find a thyroid nodule in my physical examination? What should I pay attention to in my daily life?

Don't panic yet! Many people become even more alarmed when they see that they have thyroid nodules, and then when they think that thyroid cancer is already in the top 15 cancers, and that it feels so close to our lymph nodes!

In fact, any nodules are about the ratio of benign and malignant, thyroid nodules are not in addition, its incidence is high, but its benign rate is also very high, only 1%-5% belongs to malignant tumors, at the same time, even if the real thyroid cancer, does not mean the end of life, after standardized treatment, more than 95% of the patients can be the same as our normal people with good quality of life and normal life expectancy! After standardized treatment, more than 95% of the patients can have a good quality of life and normal life span as normal people!

When you have a thyroid nodule, just follow these steps!

First, determining the nature of the nodule is a prerequisite

Most of the thyroid nodules are diagnosed from the results of our high-resolution ultrasound examinations, which can be used to make a preliminary judgment of their benign or malignant nature based on ultrasound findings of the nodule's size, morphology, borders, the presence of fine calcifications, and the presence of a rich blood supply.

If it is a malignant nodule, it is usually described in our ultrasound test report card as something like the following

1. A hypoechoic nodule with unclear borders and irregular shape;
   
2. Aspect ratio > 1;
   
3. Very hypoechoic nodule;
   
4. Foci of sand-like micro or punctate calcification are seen within the nodule.
   

(As shown in the figure: results of ultrasound report of suspected malignant nodules)

If the report card does not have the above text description, the chances of considering a benign nodule are high, but of course, this is not 100%, but also in the context of the specific reality!

However, if your report card really unfortunate to have the above words, also can not be 100% confirmed diagnosis must be thyroid cancer, the word must be combined with CT, puncture biopsy, in order to confirm the diagnosis!

(Pictured: Ultrasound-guided biopsy of a thyroid nodule)

Second, the specialized treatment programme for nodules

Caution:It is not that benign nodules necessarily do not need to do surgery, in fact, also hand without surgery, how to treat, should also be combined with the specific size of the nodule, the location of a number of aspects of comprehensive consideration.

1. For benign nodules that are small and do not significantly compress surrounding organsMost of them can be treated conservatively with review at 6-12 month intervals or with adjunctive medications for control;
   
2. For large size (affecting aesthetics), symptoms of localized pressure on surrounding organs, or combined with hyperthyroidism, etc., or if you are anxious about this nodule, it will seriously affect your normal life and work, and you want to have an operation., or would recommend surgical treatment;
   
3. Regular follow up reveals nodules that grow fasterSurgery is recommended in cases where there is consideration of malignant tendency or a combination of other risk factors for the thyroid gland;
   

Of course, for malignant nodules that have already been diagnosed, there is no doubt that it is of utmost importance to receive professional standardized treatment from a medical professional as soon as possible!

Third, although the cause of thyroid nodules is unknown, it is certainly related to lifestyle habits and environmental factors, so we should pay attention to a reasonable diet and avoid some harmful factors.

1. Dietary compatibility is related to the nature of the nodules.Ordinary nodules that do not have any effect on our thyroid function do not require an iodine-avoidance diet as everyone says; those that do are often those with hyperthyroidism, adenomas, toxic diffuse goiters, and nodules such as Hashimoto's disease. Promote eating more grains and cereals, eat less such as broccoli, cabbage, oranges, pears, grapes and other thiocyanate-rich cruciferous foods and flavonoid-rich fruits.
   
2. Staying away from radiation and maintaining a good mood is very important for thyroid health.Part of the reason why thyroid nodules are so prevalent in middle-aged women is that women at this age tend to be under a lot of stress and are facing menopause, which makes them prone to autonomic nervous system disorders.

Hello, there are many ways to cure thyroid nodules, first of all, we need to understand the specific situation of thyroid nodules.

Nodules are localized hyperplastic space-occupying changes due to deformation of thyroid follicles adhering to each other. Emotional internal injuries, diet, soil and water disorders, and congenital factors can lead to

Nodules will not dissipate on their own, with the gradual development of the disease, the nodules will increase in number, enlargement, calcification and even cancer, and the risk of surgery can not be avoided. And the nodule will gradually grow, when the nodule is large to a certain extent, headache, dizziness, neck pressure, etc., if serious, the nodule will compress the recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, trachea, jugular vein, resulting in difficulty in pronouncing, difficulty in swallowing, difficulty in breathing, and difficulty in the return of blood to the neck.

Clinically, the conservative treatment is medication or a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, but this is a symptomatic rather than a curative treatment, and the nodules will continue to grow.

If the nodule is not yet malignant, then minimally invasive ablation can be taken to resolve the nodule, a one-time cure, a wound of 0.2 millimeters, and a very low rate of recurrence.

If it is malignant, then surgery can be taken to remove the thyroid tissue, so it must be treated in time. Avoid malignant by then

Lumpy Diet

1, you can increase the amount of protein, such as meat, eggs, milk and so on.

2. Avoid stimulating foods: such as tea, coffee, cigarettes, and alcohol.

3, because the calorie needs to be raised, so the vitamin B complex demand also increases, to pay attention to supplementation

4, it is advisable to eat more food with enhanced immunity, such as fungus, shiitake mushrooms, mushrooms, Job's tears, jujube, walnuts, yam and fresh fruit. It is advisable to eat more food that has the function of eliminating knots and dispersing swelling, including diamonds, taro, greens, mustard greens, kiwi. 5, it is not advisable to eat more food with high iodine content, such as kelp, seaweed, seaweed, hairy vegetables, tamarind, dried scallops, razor clams, jellyfish, sea cucumbers, lobsters, scallop, mackerel, fish maw, arkshells, clams, and turtle.

To summarize a sentence, after encountering you are nodules must promptly pay attention to the observation, to do regular checkups and protection. I hope the answer can help you, if there is anything unclear you can ask me!

Thyroid nodules are very common, with a detection rate of 3% -7% in the general population by palpation and up to 20%-76% with the help of flexible ultrasound. This figure means that more than half of us may have thyroid nodules. Many people think of malignant tumors when they hear about thyroid nodules. In fact, only 5% of thyroid nodules are malignant, and more than 95% are benign, and most of these benign nodules do not need to be over-treated, and only need to be followed up.

Which benign nodules require surgery?

1. retrosternal goiter; or thyroid nodules located in the mediastinum.2. Large thyroid nodules with obvious local compression symptoms, such as: compression of the trachea affecting respiration, compression of the esophagus affecting swallowing, compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve causing hoarseness or choking on drinking water.3. Thyroid nodules secondary to hyperthyroidism.4. Progressive growth of the nodules, the clinic considers that there is a tendency to malignant changes.5. For the appearance or thought of serious anxiety and psychological disorders affecting normal life, the patient strongly requesting surgery can also be surgically removed. Anxiety caused by psychological disorders affecting normal life, the patient strongly requested surgery can also be surgical resection.

Surgery is the treatment of choice for malignant nodules. Thyroid nodule grading is usually clarified first by high-resolution ultrasound. Many people who have ultrasound done in the outpatient clinic are puzzled by the results and do not understand what grade 1.2.3 means. In fact, this is the TI-RADS grading standard for thyroid nodules. grade 1: normal thyroid, no lesions with 0 risk of malignancy. grade 2: diagnosable benign thyroid nodules with 0 risk of malignancy, clinical recommendations for long-term (12-month) interval follow-up. grade 3: thyroid nodules with a greater likelihood of benignity, with a risk of malignancy of ≤2%, clinical recommendations for medium- to long-term (6-month) interval follow-up. grade 4A: thyroid nodules with some possibility of malignancy. grade 4A: thyroid nodules with some possibility of malignancy. Grade 4A: Thyroid nodules with some malignant potential, malignant risk between 3% and 30%, clinical advice is to prefer short-term (3 months) interval follow-up; fine needle aspiration biopsy is the second choice; if the biopsy result is negative, continue with short-term follow-up. 4B: Thyroid nodules with considerable malignant potential, malignant risk between 30% and 60%, clinical advice is to prefer fine needle aspiration biopsy; if the biopsy result is negative, repeat the biopsy in short-term intervals, or consider surgery. or consider surgical treatment.

Class 4C: thyroid nodules with great malignancy potential, malignancy risk between 60% and 95%, clinical recommendation of first choice surgical treatment; second choice fine needle aspiration biopsy followed by surgical treatment.Class 5: malignant thyroid nodules that can be diagnosed with malignancy, malignancy risk > 95%, clinical recommendation of immediate surgical treatment.Class 6: cytology detects cancer and confirms the diagnosis of cancer. Through this grading standard, when you get the ultrasound list against the heart almost have a number.

What should I be aware of in my regular life if I have a thyroid nodule?

Usually, we should learn to regulate our own psychological state, away from negative emotions; work pay attention to the combination of work and rest, work and rest should be regular, do not stay up late; try to low iodine diet, eat less seafood, and the plateau and remote mountainous areas of the patient is often a lack of iodine, to moderate iodine supplementation, eat less spicy and stimulating food; quit smoking and alcohol; regular follow-up, review the thyroid ultrasound and thyroid function.

Thyroid nodules are a common manifestation, and many people who normally do not have any unusual reactions are found to have thyroid nodules during a physical examination. Many thyroid diseases can manifest as thyroid nodules, such as nodular goiter, thyroid cyst, thyroid adenoma and thyroid cancer. Therefore, there are benign and malignant thyroid nodules, but most thyroid nodules are benign and have no effect.

What are thyroid nodules?

Thyroid nodules are caused by the follicles of the thyroid gland adhering and deforming each other, resulting in localized hyperplastic lesions that manifest as nodules. Factors leading to thyroid nodules include trauma, emotion, diet, and congenital factors. Thyroid nodules usually do not subside on their own and will increase in size or even become cancerous as the disease progresses.

How are thyroid nodules treated?

For benign thyroid nodules, if there is no discomfort, usually do not need to do special treatment, regular review can be. However, once the nodule increases in size, compresses nerves and blood vessels, and affects normal life, surgery can be considered. Malignant thyroid nodules with nodules larger than 5mm require surgery to remove the thyroid tissue. Dr. Wang reminds us that the need for surgical treatment of thyroid nodules should be considered in conjunction with the size and location of the nodule, as well as the patient's physical condition, in addition to the benign and malignant nature of the nodule.

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First of all, I would like to give you a piece of mind, most of the thyroid nodules are benign, do not need to do any treatment, do not need any attention, no impact on diet, life and work, do not be cheated by some charlatans, a benign nodule, but also be pulled to do surgery or radiofrequency ablation treatment, which is completely unnecessary. It's not only a waste of a knife, but also a waste of money. Here we say, in the end, what is a thyroid nodule, what is the harm, which cases need surgery

What are thyroid nodules?

Nodule is nothing more than a generic term for any swelling inside the thyroid gland, which can be called a nodule. Common thyroid nodules include nodular goiter, thyroid cyst, thyroid adenoma, and thyroid cancer.

So, thyroid nodules include both benign and malignant nodules, the vast majority of which are benign.

How to diagnose thyroid nodules

Most of the thyroid nodules do not have any symptoms or discomfort, only when the nodule grows to a certain extent, the patient may have an enlarged neck and swelling, which can move up and down with swallowing movements. There are also some patients, who may have hoarseness, choking on drinking water, difficulty in breathing, discomfort in the front of the neck and so on.

The most important means of thyroid diagnosis is thyroid ultrasound, which can detect the size and number of nodules, blood flow, and whether there are enlarged lymph nodes. Based on the results of the ultrasound, you can generally determine the benign or malignant nature of the thyroid nodules. Blood tests can also be done to check the thyroid function to see if there is any abnormality in the thyroid function and if there is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

How thyroid nodules should be treated

Benign thyroid, usually do not need special treatment, just need regular review, you can do a thyroid ultrasound every six months, if the nodules increase in size significantly, or malignant changes, then you need surgery. Surgery is also recommended for benign nodules with the following symptoms: large nodules that compress the trachea and cause breathing difficulties, nodules that encroach on the posterior recurrent nerve and cause hoarseness, and nodules that affect the appearance and life, surgery can also be considered.

Malignant thyroid nodules that are less than 5mm and have no high risk factors can also be observed regularly. While malignant nodules larger than 5mm, surgery is generally recommended. Thyroid cancer has a good prognosis and does not require radiotherapy after surgery, and can be survived for a long time, with a 5-year survival rate as high as 95%.

In a word, most thyroid nodules are benign, do not need treatment or special attention, should eat, drink, no taboos, healthy diet can be, there is no impact on life, do not worry, half a year to do an ultrasound can be.

Thyroid nodules, also known as nodular goiter, are a natural stage in the course of a simple goiter. Currently, as people become more aware of their own health and pay attention to their own medical checkups, the discovery rate of thyroid nodules increases.

Major causes of thyroid nodules:

1. Iodine deficiency:In highland areas and mountainous provinces, the disease is caused by the loss of iodine by washing away in the soil and insufficient iodine in food, which leads to chronic iodine deficiency in the local population.

2. The body's demand for thyroxine increases:Mainly refers to adolescents, pregnant women, some will have mild diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland, can be temporarily ignored, temporary observation, this is a normal phenomenon, and when the adult or the end of pregnancy this phenomenon will disappear.

3. Disorders of thyroxine synthesis and secretion:Prolonged intake of certain substances, such as cabbage and radish, or certain medications and trace elements can lead to goiter.

Due to the long-term stimulation of the above factors, it will lead to thyroid nodules, which are mainly manifested as a lump in the neck, and if the lump is large, it can cause pressure symptoms, such as difficulty in breathing and hoarseness.

Treatment of thyroid nodules:

The main treatment is surgery. According to the data, the probability of thyroid nodules becoming cancerous is 8% to 17%, and the main purpose of surgery is to prevent them from becoming malignant. However, not all thyroid nodules need to be operated, such as those during puberty and pregnancy. Surgery may be considered in the following cases

1. The mass is large, and there are compression symptoms, such as compression of the trachea, laryngeal reentry nerve, esophagus, and so on;

2, Huge lumps affect patients' daily life and work, thyroid post-thoracic swelling;

3. Patients with secondary hyperthyroidism;

4. Thyroid nodules suspected of malignancy.

For thyroid nodule patients usually in the diet, the main attention to avoid long-term consumption of some will inhibit the synthesis of thyroxine food, such as cabbage and radish, living in iodine-deficient areas to pay attention to appropriate supplementation of iodine. Pay attention to nutritional balance in the diet, more vitamins, avoid picky eating.

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Nowadays, with the improvement of people's living standard and the enhancement of people's awareness of health, many people will participate in medical checkups every year, and the detection rate of thyroid nodules is getting higher and higher, and at the same time, since thyroid diseases are more common in young women, basically 90% of young women who have medical checkups will choose to have a thyroid-related checkup. With the widespread use of color ultrasound of the thyroid gland and the improvement of examiners' skills, the prevalence of thyroid nodules detected by ultrasound ranges from 20% to 76%. Although the detection rate has risen dramatically, the lack of adequate knowledge about thyroid nodules often causes great psychological pressure on patients. Some patients incorrectly equate thyroid nodules with thyroid cancer, and feel anxious about this.

In fact, thyroid nodule is a collective term for lumps within the thyroid gland that are foreign to normal tissue. The vast majority of thyroid nodules are clinically benign (about 90%) and generally do not require special treatment and can coexist peacefully. Only malignant nodules (about 10%) and a few benign nodules need to be treated. Therefore, the treatment of thyroid nodules is mainly to evaluate the thyroid function and identify the benign or malignant nature of the nodules.1. Normal thyroid function and thyroid ultrasound nodules suggesting benign features. If the thyroid function is normal, the main purpose of evaluating the thyroid function and monitoring the changes of the nodule once a year is to find out whether the nodule has the possibility of malignant changes in a timely manner; 2. If the nodule tends to be malignant under the color ultrasound, then the nodule has at least one of the following characteristics: (1) significant hypoechoicity (in relation to the surrounding muscular tissues); (2) a tiny calcified foci; (3) an irregular edge; (4) an aspect ratio of >1; (5) extracapsular growth; and (6) a suspected lesion of the local lymph nodes. At this time, the grade of the ultrasound is mostly grade 4 or above (the nodule has a 50%-90% chance of being malignant), therefore, it is recommended to improve the fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland, and according to the results of the biopsy, it is decided whether or not to perform surgical treatment.

There are not many contraindications in daily life after the discovery of thyroid nodulesThe main thing is to review the thyroid function and ultrasound regularly to assess the changes of nodules and function. Dietary contraindications are mainly based on the thyroid function decision, thyroid function is normal or hypothyroidism, there is no special dietary restrictions; if hyperthyroidism, do not eat iodine-rich foods (kelp, nori, etc.); at the same time, avoid overwork, work and rest, reduce staying up late, and radioactivity examination initiative to request the wearing of a neck circumference to protect the thyroid gland. This article was originally published by Dr. Fresh, please indicate the source. Welcome to leave a message in the comment section below to express different views and opinions, to learn more about health science knowledge and disease guidance process, please pay attention to your side of the general practitioner, some of the pictures in the article come from the network, such as copyright, please contact me in time for deletion.

Thyroid nodules are very common.

Studies have shown that the current prevalence of thyroid nodules is about 50 percent, which means that almost half of the population has thyroid nodules.

About 10% of these nodules are malignant, or about 5% of humans have thyroid cancer.

Over 90% of thyroid cancers are papillary, which is a cancer with an excellent prognosis.

The benign and malignant differentiation of thyroid nodules is mainly based on whether the border of the thyroid nodule is clear, whether the morphology is regular, the aspect ratio, and whether there are tiny foci of calcification, etc. (which are described on ultrasound).

Currently, ultrasound universal TI-RADS grading diagnosis, for TI-RADS grading ≤ grade 3 it is recommended to review the thyroid ultrasound every 6-12 months depending on the situation, grade 4 and above it is recommended to further examination in the hospital, to clarify whether surgical treatment is required.

The treatment of thyroid nodules varies from person to person. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this part of the thyroid gland has the stomach meridian and the liver meridian passing through it, and there is also an acupuncture point called Renying Point. The stomach meridian and the spleen meridian are a pair of the table, and the liver meridian and the gallbladder meridian are a pair of the table, and the nodular lesions in this area are related to the spleen, stomach, liver and gallbladder. Therefore, the causes of thyroid nodules in Chinese medicine are roughly divided into two points: 1) dietary disorders, resulting in a decline in the function of the spleen and stomach, that is, the spleen is weak, the spleen is weak, can not properly transport water and humidity, humidity along the meridians upward, the agglomeration of phlegm or block in the thyroid gland, that is, galls and nodules. 2) emotional and spiritual injuries, long-term anger and depression, resulting in the liver and depression can not relieve the spleen, or worrying about more than one injury to the spleen, the spleen, the spleen, the spleen, liver depression, deficiency, the fluid can not be normal distribution along the meridians upward, the phlegm and the galls and the spleen. When the liver is depressed and the spleen is weak, the fluid cannot be distributed properly and goes up the meridians, and the phlegm and qi are deposited on the thyroid gland and become gall tumors (i.e., nodules on the thyroid gland). According to the etiology and pathology of the treatment of thyroid nodules is the principle of dredging the liver and spleen, phlegm dispersal, the rational use of traditional Chinese medicine can be a good solution to the abnormal nodule period, to prevent the aggravation of the condition of the lesion.

The detection rate of thyroid nodules is very high, and some data show that with the help of ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland, the detection rate of thyroid nodules can be as high as 20% to 70%. Many people are worried that nodules may bring them various harms, such as worrying about the close relationship between thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer, worrying about whether thyroid nodules will affect fertility and so on.

In fact, the vast majority of nodules are benign nodules, which do not require special treatment and do not have much impact on normal life. Most women with benign thyroid nodules do not affect their fertility as long as their thyroid function is normal.

Thyroid nodules is a general term that refers to abnormal localized thyroid cell growth from a variety of causes, resulting in one or more clusters of abnormal tissue structure within the thyroid gland. Thyroid nodules are mostly benign, while malignant nodules account for only about 5% of thyroid nodules.

The key to the treatment of thyroid nodules is the differential diagnosis of the benign or malignant nature of the nodule.

Benign nodules, if they have a low likelihood of malignancy and as long as the thyroid nodule is not compressing the trachea or esophagus and is not affecting the function of the thyroid gland, will not affect normal fertility.

And usually do not need special treatment to deal with, pay attention to regular follow-up can be. However, if the nodule appears to increase in size within a short period of time, or has pain manifestation, then it is necessary to consult a doctor for examination in time. In addition, if the ultrasound examination finds that the thyroid nodule has calcification, and the boundary of the nodule is blurred and irregular, with abundant hypoechoic and blood flow signals, this suggests that the possibility of malignancy is higher, and should be actively consulted for treatment.

If the nodule is malignant, or benign but highly suspected of malignancy, then treatment is usually required. Treatment for malignant thyroid nodules is usually surgical.

In general, the vast majority of thyroid nodules are benign nodules, which do not have much impact on normal life, and there is nothing to pay attention to in terms of diet (note: if combined with abnormal thyroid function, then you may need to pay attention to the diet, and analyze the situation on a case-by-case basis), and do not require special treatment, but be sure to have regular checkups. If the nodule is malignant or benign but highly suspected of malignancy, then active treatment is needed to avoid further progression of the disease.

The treatment of thyroid nodules focuses on the identification of benign and malignant, so if you find a thyroid nodule, you should first complete various examinations to determine the benign and malignant nature of the nodule, and then take targeted measures to deal with it.