The so-called Western medicines are relative to China's traditional Chinese medicines, which are chemically synthesized or extracted from natural products into various dosage forms. They are divided into two categories: oral drugs and injectable drugs, each of which needs to go through many stages of testing from development to clinical application, and has a high degree of safety. Because of the exact efficacy of western drugs, easy to take, fast-acting and widely used in patients, such as fever given compound aminopyrine injection, the body temperature will soon come down; angina attack immediately given nitroglycerin sublingualization, can quickly relieve the symptoms of angina. But the drawbacks of western drugs are also many, the application of western drugs should not only pay attention to the side effects of drugs, but also be alert to adverse drug reactions. For example, vitamin drugs side effects are very small, anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs cause nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and other serious gastrointestinal reactions, the most obvious feature is hair loss, in addition to skin rashes, allergies and even anaphylaxis, myelosuppression, leukopenia, headache, coughing, edema, coagulation disorders, and so on, to the body of the great harm. Therefore, there must see doctor, do not take medicine without authorization, as the saying goes, medicine is three times poisonous, to ensure the safety of the body!

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Drugs, because of their different principles of action and differences in pharmacological effects at different doses, are often accompanied by many adverse reactions while treating diseases.

What we usually think of as a side effect is almost equivalent to an adverse reaction to a drug. However, it should be emphasized that adverse reactions are not the same as side effects, which are only one type of adverse reaction.

Common adverse reactions include the following categories: side effects, toxic reactions, after-effects, discontinuation reactions, secondary reactions, metabolic reactions, idiosyncratic reactions, dependence, and so on.

1. Side effects

Refers to an adverse reaction to a drug that occurs within the therapeutic dose range. Resulting from low selectivity of the drug to the organs.

For example, atropine often causes side effects such as dry mouth, palpitations, and constipation when treating gastrointestinal spasms; coughing caused by the blood pressure-lowering drug captopril; and water and sodium storage caused by the use of hormonal drugs.

Side effects can be avoided; most are mild and predictable.

2. Toxic reactions

A harmful reaction that occurs when a drug is given in too large a dose or accumulates too much in the body.

Generally, toxic reactions can be predicted and should be avoidable.Some drugs are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic; some drugs cause acute damage to the liver and kidney.

3. After-effects

Refers to the fact that the drug remains in the body and works after it is discontinued.

Such as Valium (sedative-hypnotic), weakness and drowsiness can still occur the next day.

4. Discontinuation reactions

It refers to the aggravation of a pre-existing disease after taking a drug for a long period of time and suddenly stopping the drug.

If colistin lowers blood pressure, sudden discontinuation of the drug can result in a significant increase in blood pressure.

5. Secondary reactions

Refers to adverse reactions that occur after the therapeutic effects of a drug have been exerted, even at therapeutic doses, and may bring about such results.

If we use broad-spectrum antibiotics for a long time or frequently, so that many sensitive bacteria are killed, it will lead to the proliferation of some drug-resistant bacteria or fungi, resulting in secondary infections.

6. Metamorphic reactions

It refers to drug-induced immune reactions, which we often call allergic reactions. It is common in patients with these allergies.

For example, penicillin antibiotics can cause mild or even severe allergic reactions in some people after application.

7. idiosyncratic reactions

It refers to a small number of patients with specific body types who suffer from adverse effects caused by the inherent pharmacological reactions of the drug, sometimes with a severity proportional to the dose.

Patients with congenital glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, for example, are prone to acute hemolytic anemia after primaquine application.

8. Dependency

It refers to a kind of behavior or reaction caused by the long-term application of a certain kind of medication, which results in a compulsion to use the medication continuously and regularly. In fact, the purpose is to feel the mental effects of the drug or to avoid physical discomfort caused by stopping the drug.

Patients who use morphine for long periods of time can become dependent on it, for example.

It is not difficult to realize that some adverse reactions to medications can be encountered, but in many cases there is no way for medications to be encountered and avoided.

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Let me tell you about a real-life case of poisoning and murder using the side effects of Western medicine.

(To protect the privacy of the parties involved, I will not mention the names of the specific hospitals and people.) The deputy head of the radiology department of a certain hospital was dissatisfied with the director's way of working and had been adding to the director's glass of water for a long timedexamethasone. This led to the director suffering from necrosis of the femoral head, Cushing's syndrome, cataracts, uterine fibroids, diabetes, liver cysts and many other diseases. Eventually, the director could not bear the pain of the disease and took medication to commit suicide. (If you want to know about the specific incident, you can follow me and check the article I wrote on January 5 this year)

This example was given because the drug used in this case, dexamethasone, is a glucocorticoid. AndSuch drugs then have side effects such as centripetal obesity, full moon face, buffalo back, etc.The symptoms are very similar to those of the subject's friend who gained weight after using the medication. The symptoms are very similar to those of the subject's friend who gained weight after using the medication, and I'm guessing that perhaps the subject's friend also used some kind of glucocorticoid to cause the weight gain.

Glucocorticoids have a variety of physiological effects and are clinically powerful anti-inflammatory, as well as anti-allergic, antitoxic, antishock, and more. However, such drugs can interfere with the metabolism of many substances in the body, and adverse effects are numerous. In addition to weight gain, they can lead to decreased immunity, easy bleeding, acne, menstrual disorders, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, gastrointestinal irritation, peptic ulcers or perforation, inhibition of growth in children, glaucoma, cataracts, aggravation of diabetes mellitus, and many other adverse effects.

Although glucocorticoids have so many side effects, inreasonablyshort termThe premise of the application is very safe. Only inAccumulation of toxicity only occurs with prolonged or heavy use。

Although the side effects of western medicines cannot be completely avoided, as long as the medication is used reasonably under the guidance of the doctor, and the dosage and time are minimized under the premise of ensuring the efficacy of the treatment, the side effects can be minimized and will not cause any adverse effects.

I'm pharmacist Wazi, you can follow me and leave a message for questions about rational drug use.

Thank you for your question.

(1) First of all, before we talk about what are the side effects of Western medicines, let's clear up one issue, the relationship between adverse drug reactions and drug side effects. Adverse drug reactions, refers to the therapeutic dose, the drug in the role of the same time, some people do not want to happen at the same time, other effects (discomfort or harmful reactions), adverse drug reactions include side effects, toxic reactions, allergic reactions, secondary reactions, after-effects, teratogenicity, carcinogenesis, mutation and so on. Side effects are reactions that are unrelated to the purpose of the medication and are generally mild and reversible. Take 2 examples, atropine, anticholinergic, relieve gastrointestinal spasm, relax the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract, used for gastrointestinal colic, etc., but it is glandular secretion inhibitory effect, can cause side effects such as dry mouth; commonly used compound cold medicines, the composition of which generally have chlorpheniramine (paracetamol) components, with the role of antiallergic, which can cause drowsiness and other side effects.

(2) Side effects fall under the category of adverse drug reactions. Side effects, relative to other adverse reactions, are mild and are reversible functional changes.

Every drug has its own adverse reactions, some of which are more severe and some of which are more subtle and relatively safe. Each class of drugs, adverse reactions are different, for example, the century-old drug aspirin, its biggest adverse reaction, gastrointestinal reaction and bleeding risk, serious gastric bleeding, gastric perforation and so on.

(3) The subheading mentions your friend, who has been taking Western medication for a long time and is experiencing adverse effects of weight gain.

Let's talk about which medications can cause weight gain:

(1) Hormonal drugs: glucocorticoids, long-term use of centripetal obesity, full-moon face, buffalo back and other side effects; progesterone, such as progesterone, methylated hydroxyprogesterone, etc., can promote appetite, which can lead to weight gain; birth control pills, estrogen and anabolic hormones can increase body weight;

(2) anti-allergy drugs: astemizole, ketotifen, etc., long-term use can inhibit the hypothalamus "satiety" center, stimulate appetite, increase body weight;

3) Antiepileptic drugs: sodium valproate can cause weight gain;

4) Antipsychotics: Long-term use of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, etc., can cause elevated blood glucose and lipids, and increase body weight;

(5) Diuretics: spironolactone has anti-androgen-like effect, which can contribute to the development of obesity;

6) Insulin and insulin sensitizers;

The authoritative interpretation of Pharmaceutical Affairs, unauthorized reproduction, plagiarism will be punished.

Many people are western medicine has side effects, and Chinese medicine does not, in fact, this is wrong, no matter what drugs have certain side effects, although most of the Chinese medicine description written side effects are not clear, but does not mean that there are no side effects Oh! For example, some proprietary cough medicine will appear symptoms of diarrhea. So often written will not be taken lightly, and not written easy to be careless, pay attention to oh!

Thanks for the invitation!

The toxic side effects of western drugs are written in black and white in the instructions for use! Do you still need to ask?

What is not written or potential threats and toxic side effects! Can only be answered with time.

The fact that Western medicine is constantly being updated and phased out is proof of this. What is right today will be proven problematic and maladaptive by clinical practice tomorrow? It will be hopelessly out of business!

This is the Western medicine, can not stand the test and verification of the old man of time! Therefore, Western medicine is in the mode of "Today denies yesterday! Tomorrow denies today", in the mode of eternal peace! Lack of stability and sustainability! Safety and reliability! Not to mention the so-called "replicability"?

Western medicine is a give and take.

There is, but it's written plainly.

It's a poison, but it saves lives.

Taking western medicine every day, the human body will develop resistance! If the time is long, get a little sick medicine does not work, to go to the infusion! Serious or even a crisis of health!