Many people nowadays experience pain in the stomach and intestines before or after meals, which in most cases is caused by peptic ulcers, the most common of which include ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.

What causes peptic ulcers?

1, Helicobacter pylori: normal gastric and duodenal mucosa has a certain protective mechanism, this layer of protective mechanism once destroyed, will lose the role of repair and protection, gastric acid and some digestive juices will erode the gastric wall and gastrointestinal tract to produce ulcers, Helicobacter pylori bacteria in gastric ulcers and 12-finger intestinal ulcers in the detection rate of up to 90% and more than 80%, and clinically in the cure of H. pylori bacteria, the ulcer After curing H. pylori, the recurrence rate of ulcer decreases significantly.

2, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: for example, the most common aspirin, long-term or large amounts of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in about 10% to 25% of patients, there will be a stomach or 12 finger intestinal ulcers, some patients may even have some symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding. This is because NSAIDs cause peptic ulcers by weakening mucosal defense and repair functions.

3, excessive secretion of gastric acid: this reason, mainly in some patients because of long-term irregular diet, such as not on time to eat, originally the gastric acid in the secretion of the stomach and the food inside the stomach can be digested each other synthesized, but there is no food in the stomach, the gastric acid secretion, damage to the mucosa. Of course, if you eat some spicy stimulation for a long time, or too hard food damage to the gastric mucosa or digestive tract, the mucosa will also appear peptic ulcer.

What should I do if I develop a peptic ulcer?

First of all, the first point is to start from their own, life and diet must be regular, avoid those spicy stimulation, or easy to damage, gastrointestinal mucosa food do not overly late at night to ensure that sleep and work and rest.

In addition, more serious peptic ulcers need to be treated with medications under the guidance of a clinical gastroenterologist, including medications to inhibit gastric acid secretion and medications to protect the gastric mucosa, and multi-drug combination anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy if there is H. pylori infection.

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Peptic ulcer, a collective term for gastric and duodenal ulcers, refers to a condition in which the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract have beenGastric acid/pepsinUlcers caused by digestion.

The etiology of peptic ulcers:

Digestion of the gastrointestinal mucosa by gastric acid and pepsin is the underlying cause of ulcer formation.

Causes of gastric acid and pepsin damage:Helicobacter pylori infection, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., aspirin, etc.)), smoking, stress (chronic stress, anxiety or mood swings, diet (alcohol, strong tea, coffee, certain beverages).

Pathologic substance of peptic ulcer

Defects in the intestinal wall of the stomach and duodenum at the site of the ulcer, with varying depths.

Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer

quintessentiallyRhythmic and cyclic upper abdominal painIt is a major clue to the diagnosis of peptic ulcers.

Gastric ulcers are "postprandial pain"; duodenal ulcers are "abdominal or preprandial pain, nocturnal pain, relieved by eating".

Diagnosis of peptic ulcers

The initial diagnosis can be made on the basis of the typical clinical presentation. Definitive diagnosis relies on barium X-ray and gastroscopy, the latter being highly accurate.

Treatment of peptic ulcers is recommended to eliminate the cause of the disease, improve symptoms, heal the ulcer, prevent recurrence, and avoid complications after consultation with a gastroenterologist.

Peptic ulcerative is a common and frequent disease with a good prognosis after regular medical treatment.

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Peptic ulcer is a phenomenon in which the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract is damaged by a variety of triggers, and the barrier function of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract is lowered or even ruptured. As we all know, the digestive tract includes the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and rectum. The more common types of peptic ulcers are gastric and duodenal ulcers. The picture below shows a gastric ulcer. Gastric ulcers are most common in middle-aged and older people. Ulcers of the duodenum are more common in young adults.Why do ulcers develop in the good old digestive tract? In ulcers of the digestive tract, theBecause of excessive gastric acid secretion, the gastric mucosal defenses are out of whackIt is not uncommon for ulcers to develop in the gastrointestinal lining of the stomach and intestines as a result of "digestion and absorption" by stomach acid and pepsin. How to understand this phenomenon? We compare the entire gastrointestinal tract to a large digestion and absorption pipeline, in the stomach this place, every day to a certain time there will be a group of "workers" will be poured into a certain amount of hydrochloric acid to help the entire gastrointestinal tract to help the digestion of food. If the amount of hydrochloric acid poured in by the workers is too much, then corrosion of the transportation pipeline will occur. Hence the saying "no acid, no ulcer".However, the digestive tract does not only include the stomach and duodenum, but also the colon and ileum can develop ulcers. What causes lesions in the mucosa and submucosa of the ileum and colon? Studies have shown that a variety of microorganisms are involved in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis). Some susceptible people (those who are prone to develop peptic ulcers) initiate an immune response with the involvement of intestinal microorganisms in the presence of environmental factors (dietary preferences, smoking, hygienic conditions and poor lifestyle, etc.), which leads to damage to the intestinal mucosa and the development of ulcers. Colonoscopic biopsy is needed to clarify if necessary. I hope you find the answer helpful.

No specialty has more mixed feelings about ulcers than gastroenterologists. There are some ulcers that gastroenterologists love. Not only do gastroenterologists love them, but so do many other doctors, even to the point of running to the emergency room to steal ulcers that belong to the gastroenterologist. For some ulcers, gastroenterologists have such a headache that they can't wait to push the patient out of the room and never look back. Why is there such a big difference in treatment for ulcers?

The reason for this is that an ulcer is not the same as an ulcer. Those ulcers that are so popular with the medical profession tend to grow in the stomach and duodenum and are called peptic ulcers. Why are such ulcers loved and fought over? This is due to the understanding of the pathogenesis of such ulcers, as well as the development of effective medicines on this basis. It turns out that ulcers of the stomach and duodenum are basically related to acid, and the acid here is gastric acid, the chemical composition of which is mainly hydrochloric acid. Everyone has hydrochloric acid in their stomach, so why don't many people have ulcers? The main reason is that Helicobacter pylori is at fault, it can directly damage the epithelium of the mucous membrane, so that the secretion of gastric acid increases. Knowing the cause of the disease, and understanding the production process of stomach acid, people developed drugs specifically to inhibit the secretion of stomach acid, but also learned to kill H. pylori. Peptic ulcer, which had been regarded as incurable for hundreds of years, became the disease that gastroenterologists had the greatest certainty of curing and the greatest sense of accomplishment. Even ulcers with serious complications, such as bleeding and perforation, were not a problem. And the treatment is so simple, just take a pill. Although the program to eradicate Helicobacter pylori has triple, quadruple, sequential therapy and other high sounding names, it is not difficult to learn, and every doctor can learn by following the text of the guide to give medicine.

Not only that, but with greater awareness of H. pylori and improved public sanitation, it is possible that ulcers caused by H. pylori will become less common in the future, becoming as rare as the infectious diseases that once ravaged the world. It is also possible that the myriad of H. pylori eradication programs will no longer be useful. This is not blind optimism; classic surgery, once the means of eradicating peptic ulcers, is largely no longer being used for peptic ulcer treatment. Taking a disease that requires surgery and turning it into something that can be controlled with medication and eventually allowed to fade away is one of the quintessential success stories of modern medicine.

Some other ulcers of the peptic tract, on the other hand, are not to be loved. Doctors are terrified to avoid them for fear of landing them in their hands. Reverse the reason doctors love peptic ulcers and that is why they hate them. The cause of these ulcers is not as well defined, or although some are known, there is no good way to get rid of them. There are also ulcers that are not caused by a disease of the digestive system, but by some other disease. These ulcers also have a different location than peptic ulcers, with only a few in the stomach and duodenum and most in the large and small intestines. The most common have to be the two inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The ulcers in these two diseases have not so far been found to be related to a particular bacterium in the same way as peptic ulcers, so antimicrobial treatments are ineffective. Current research still treats them as immune disorders, so most treatments require immune suppression, which more or less increases the risk of infection, and some drugs are expensive and not affordable for low-income families.

In addition to ulcers in inflammatory bowel disease, ulcers can occur in intestinal ischemia, intestinal tuberculosis, tumors (including cancer and lymphoma), immunodeficiency disorders, after organ transplants, and so on - all of which are not trivial conditions. Not to mention treatment, many times it is costly and laborious to differentiate between these diseases. It is not uncommon for patients to die without a clear diagnosis.

If the progress of peptic ulcers is an achievement of medical progress, then the limitations of medicine are reflected in the variety of ulcers that are difficult to diagnose and treat. Yet progress is also ongoing, and we wait for small advances to accumulate into large ones. Without realizing it, these too will become less of a problem.

What is Peptic Ulcer? What is peptic ulcer in the field of Chinese medicine? And what causes it? --

Western medicine, what is a peptic ulcer?

Peptic ulcer, a tissue defect of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa that is eroded by pepsin and gastric acid, etc., deep into the submucosal layer, often occurring in the stomach and duodenum.

Peptic ulcer, including gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, is clinically characterized by pain, which is mostly concentrated in the middle and upper abdomen with rhythmic or recurrent symptoms. It is also accompanied by acid reflux, belching, heartburn, epigastric fullness and other symptoms, and in severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms such as vomiting blood and black stools may also occur.

Although the incidence of peptic ulcers varies from country to country and region to region, they are still a common disease worldwide, with a prevalence of 5-10% in the population, meaning that in, one out of every ten people has a peptic ulcer.

Western medicine for peptic ulcer research continues to deepen, including its genetic pathology research, chemical drug-induced research, etc. Western medicine for the treatment of this disease, but also mainly focus on insurance in acid suppression, mucosal protection and Helicobacter pylori eradication, etc., but not all patients can be completely cured.

It has now been found that TCM herbal modification should be a direction worth exploring and developing for patients with poor quality of cure, poor quality of healing, and recurrent H. pylori infections.

Peptic ulcer, what is it in Chinese medicine?

According to the clinical features and symptoms of peptic ulcer, it can be categorized into the fields of "stomach and epigastric pain", "noisy" and "acid swallowing and vomiting" in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).

The disease of stomach and epigastric pain was first seen in the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine, which reads as follows: ""When the stomach is sick, the abdomen is angry and distended, and the stomach and epigastric region are painful when the heart is in the center. The upper branches of the two hypochondriacs, diaphragm and pharynx can not pass, food and drink can not be taken, take the Sanli also."

In the Jin-Yuan period, Li Dongyuan, the founder of the spleen and stomach theory of traditional Chinese medicine, made "gastric pain" an independent department in the book "Orchid Room Mystery Collection", so that gastric pain became a separate disease independent from other diseases.

Acid swallowing and spitting, as a name for the disease, also comes from the Suwen.

What is acid swallowing? Yelping in the throat, that is, there is acid, clucked out, swallowed not, the chest is flooded with uneasiness, is swallowing acid;

What is acid vomiting? When one vomits, all the vomit is acid, and if it is so bad that the upper and lower teeth are not able to face each other, this is acid vomiting.

Plankton, the disease as a name is first found in the Nei Jing.

What causes peptic ulcers, according to Chinese medicine?

If the etiology and pathogenesis of peptic ulcer are to be interpreted from the perspective of Chinese medicine, they are generally interpreted as attack by external evils, dietary disorders, emotional and emotional disorders, weakness of the spleen and stomach, and drug damage.

Invasion of external evils, especially cold, is considered an important cause of peptic ulcers.

Dietary disorders are also a common cause of this disease. Hunger and satiety disorders, overeating spicy and stimulating, fat, sweet, thick and greasy, raw and cold products, damage to the spleen and stomach, impede the qi in the stomach, resulting in stomach pain.

Emotional disorders can also trigger stomachache. Excessive joy hurts the heart, excessive anger hurts the liver, excessive thinking hurts the spleen, excessive sadness hurts the lungs, and excessive fear hurts the kidneys; the disorders of the five organs can all cause stomach qi to be unruly, resulting in stomachache, and as the stress of modern civilization gradually increases, emotional factors are becoming a key factor in causing stomachache.

The spleen and stomach are the foundation of the human body, food, water and grains are dependent on the spleen and stomach to accept the digestion, the spleen and stomach weakness will not be able to normal transportation of water and grains, such as encountering other undesirable factors interfere with the formation of qi stagnation is more likely to develop into a stomach pain.

The last one, is the stomach pain caused by taking other drugs. Drug damage mainly refers to the overdose of Chinese and Western medicines that are harmful to the human body, damaging the body of the stomach and affecting the normal function of the spleen and stomach in transportation and digestion.

Taking too much cold medicine, resulting in weakness of the spleen and stomach and pain in the stomach and epigastrium.

From the above answer, knowing how to recognize a peptic ulcer, and then knowing the etiology of this disease, then you will know how to treat the cause precisely.

May the above answer be helpful in keeping away peptic ulcers.

Finally, I would like to thank the subject again for inviting responses.

Peptic ulcer disease is an inflammatory reaction and necrotic lesion that occurs in the mucosa under the action of various pathogenic factors, and the lesion can reach the mucosal muscle layer, with the stomach and duodenum being the most common. This disease is common all over the world, and it is generally believed that about 10% of the population has suffered from peptic ulcer disease in their lifetime. The incidence of peptic ulcer disease in China's population has not yet been confirmed by epidemiological surveys, and some data show that it accounts for 10.3% to 32.6% of the domestic gastroscopy population.

The pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease is mainly related to the imbalance between the damage factors of the gastroduodenal mucosa and the defense-repair factors of the mucosa itself. Among them, abnormal gastric acid secretion, Helicobacter pylori infection, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and aspirin are widely used as the most common causes of peptic ulcer disease.

Upper and middle abdominal pain and acid reflux are typical symptoms of peptic ulcer disease. Abdominal pain in gastric ulcers occurs about half an hour after meals, while duodenal ulcers often occur during fasting. The main complications of peptic ulcer disease are upper gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, pyloric obstruction and cancer. Gastroscopy is the primary method of diagnosing peptic ulcer disease.

Peptic ulcer disease is treated for possible causes along with general treatment such as diet and rest. During the active stage of peptic ulcer, it is important to rest, avoid strenuous exercise, avoid a stimulating diet, and abstain from smoking and alcohol. Acid-suppressing treatment is the most important measure to relieve the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease and heal the ulcer. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is an effective preventive measure for ulcer healing and prevention of recurrence. Acid suppression combined with gastric mucosal protective agents can improve the quality of ulcer healing and reduce recurrence.

Chehao Zhang Suzhou Science and Technology City Hospital

The authoritative interpretation of Pharmaceutical Affairs, unauthorized reproduction, plagiarism will be punished.

I believe that many people have never heard of the disease "peptic ulcer", but for the "gastric ulcer" and "duodenal ulcer" two diseases are not unfamiliar.

In fact, peptic ulcers include gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers, that is to say, gastric acid and pepsin unique digestive action, for the gastrointestinal mucosa invasion, the degree of mucosal damage beyond the mucosal muscle layer.

The main causes of peptic ulcers are:

1. Helicobacter pylori infection (the most important): can not only trigger chronic gastritis, but also allow chronic gastritis to develop to aggravate to atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer.

2. Gastric acid and pepsin: as the saying goes, "no acid, no ulcer", gastric acid and pepsin can directly damage the gastrointestinal mucosa for digestion. This can lead to the occurrence of ulcers.

3. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Aspirin, indomethacin, nimesulide These drugs can weaken the barrier effect of the gastric mucosa, which can lead to chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.

4. Other factors: smoking, alcohol consumption, genetics and other factors can also trigger peptic ulcer causes.

Symptoms of peptic ulcers:

Epigastric pain is the most prominent symptom of peptic ulcers, and abdominal pain in most peptic ulcers is characterized by the following:

1. Chronic course: most patients with peptic ulcer have a course of several years or decades.

2. Rhythmic: gastric ulcer patients' epigastric pain is mostly postprandial pain, mostly occurring 0.5-1 hours after meals. And duodenal ulcer epigastric pain manifested as fasting pain, mostly occurring 2-4 hours after meals, and woke up in the middle of the night pain, also known as "hunger pains".

Complications of peptic ulcer:

1. Bleeding: it is the most common complication of peptic ulcer, which is mainly caused by the gradual invasion of the ulcer to the periphery or the deeper layers and the devouring of the surrounding blood vessels.

2. Perforation: It means that the ulcer foci develop deeper and penetrate the whole layer of gastric mucosa and duodenal mucosa. Clinical manifestations are sudden severe abdominal pain, the most typical symptom of which is a "slab-like abdomen".

3. Pyloric obstruction: mostly caused by duodenal ulcer, mainly manifested as nausea, vomiting, aggravated after eating, slightly relieved after vomiting.

4. Cancer: A small number (1%) of gastric ulcers can become cancerous, while there are no cancerous cases of duodenal ulcers. For patients over 45 years old, with a long history of gastric ulcers, intractable and recent changes in the nature and rhythm of abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss, patients should be alerted to the need for gastroscopy at the earliest possible time.

I hope the above text can help you, if you have any questions or suggestions, welcome to leave a message in the comments section, pay attention to small grams, to learn more about health knowledge.

What are peptic ulcers in children?

It is an ulcer caused by the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract being digested by gastric acid or pepsin itself under certain circumstances, and can occur in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum, as well as in the vicinity of the gastro-jejunal anastomosis.

Etiology:

H. pylori infection: H. pylori normally lives in the mucus layer, which covers and protects the tissues of the stomach and small intestine. H. pylori does not normally cause any problems, but it can cause inflammation of the inner layers of the stomach and produce ulcers.

Application of non-steroidal drugs: such as cardiovascular disease in the elderly, hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc., increase the application of aspirin; rheumatoid arthritis, etc., increase the application of glucocorticoids.

Drinking alcohol: ethanol can lead to gastric mucosal erosion and mucosal bleeding, and long-term consumption is likely to induce the occurrence of ulcers.

Stress: e.g., severe trauma, surgery, multiple organ failure, sepsis, stress, etc.

Trauma and physical factors: high-dose radiation exposure, etc. can lead to gastric mucosal erosion or even ulceration.

Symptoms:

Abdominal pain: it occurs in the epigastric region and is rhythmic and periodic.

Nausea and vomiting: may occur after eating or even prevent eating due to severe vomiting.

Loss of appetite: the patient has no appetite and eats less.

Vomiting blood and black stools: seen in the case of bleeding ulcers, severe cases can be accompanied by dehydration, shock, acidosis and other serious symptoms. Drugs and stress-induced ulcers are often characterized by vomiting blood and black stools as the first symptom.

Treatment:

The treatment of peptic ulcers lies in eliminating the cause, relieving symptoms, healing the ulcer, preventing recurrence and avoiding complications.

Peptic ulcer is an inflammatory reaction and necrotic lesion that occurs in the mucous membrane of the digestive tract under the action of various pathogenic factors, and the lesion reaches the mucous membrane muscle layer, of which the stomach and duodenum are the most common. Peptic ulcer is a kind of common and frequent disease, the incidence rate is 6.87%-36.01%, men are more than women, the ratio is 4.4-6.8:1, of which duodenal ulcers are significantly more than gastric ulcers, 1.5-5.6:1. Duodenal ulcers are more common at the age of 30-39 years old, gastric ulcers are more common at the age of 40-49 years old.

The integrity of the human gastrointestinal mucosa depends on the dynamic balance between the invasive force of external damage to the mucosa and the mucosa's own defenses; when these two forces are out of balance, the gastrointestinal mucosa becomes diseased and ulcers occur. The most common causes of peptic ulcers are Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection (more than 70% of patients with gastric ulcers have a positive rate of HP, and 95%-100% of patients with duodenal ulcers have a positive rate of HP), medication factors (e.g., NSAIDS drugs such as aspirin, fen-phen and other NSAIDS medications, and glucocorticoid hormones such as prednisone), cigarette smoking, heredity, stress, and dietary irregularities.

The main manifestations of peptic ulcer are: 1, chronic course, which can last for several years or even decades; 2, cyclic attack, alternating between attack and remission, with the attack in autumn, winter and winter-spring more common; 3, rhythmic pain, gastric ulcer is often gradually relieved after 1/2 to 1 hour after meal; duodenal bulb ulcer is often appeared 2 to 4 hours after meal, and it can be relieved or disappeared after meal, and night time pain can be appeared in about half of the DU patients. Pain.4. Complications such as postprandial gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, obstruction, and carcinoma can occur.

The diagnosis of peptic ulcer mainly relies on gastroscopy, and the treatment is mainly to eliminate the cause of the disease (eradication of Helicobacter pylori, protection of the gastric mucosa, etc.), control the symptoms, promote the healing of the ulcer, and prevent and avoid complications. After the diagnosis of peptic ulcer is confirmed, it must be treated regularly in the hospital to prevent its recurrence and complications.