Heart failure, also known as heart failure, is a sign that the life of the heart has come to an end, as can be seen from the word failure. Thus, heart failure is the final stage of various heart diseases.

What are the symptoms that can occur after heart failure?

How to tell if you have heart failure without all the tests. It is important to figure out the symptoms of heart failure.

I. Limitations on physical activity

This mainly consists of a decrease in activity endurance and a prolonged recovery time after activity.

1,What do you understand by limited physical activity?

• For example, Lao Wang used to be able to walk up to the third floor without blushing or gasping. Now he can't, he can barely make it to the first floor, and if he wants to go up again, he has to stop and rest. This is calledDecreased activity endurance。
• And Lao Wang finally climbed up to the 3rd floor, which turned out to be so easy that he didn't need to rest to regain his strength. Now he couldn't, barely climbing to the 3rd floor, but needing to rest for a long time to get his strength back.

2. Why is there a limitation of physical activity?

• A normal heart is like a pump that never gets tired, pumping out blood. One of the signs of heart failure is that the pumping function is not working. Assuming that the original 6L of blood per minute can be pumped out of the heart, flowing to all parts of the body. After heart failure, only 4L of blood can be pumped out per minute.
• Various activities of the body require oxygen and various nutrients transported by the blood. On the one hand, after heart failure, the transported blood decreases; on the other hand, the body's need for oxygen and nutrients increases after activity, but is not met. As a result, there is a limitation of physical activity.

II. Retention of body fluids

The retention of body fluids is most notably manifested in the form of pitting edema in both lower extremities (when pressed with the hand, the pitting enters a patch that takes a long time to recover). In addition, bruising of the gastrointestinal tract can lead to bloating, constipation, and other digestive problems in heart failure patients.

Causes of fluid retention:

• On the one hand, it may be that the heart's pumping function declines, pumping less blood outward, leaving more blood inside the heart, and it becomes difficult for the blood circulating outside the body to return to the heart.
• On the other hand, in addition to a decrease in pumping function in heart failure, there may also be a decrease in the diastolic function of the heart. Let's imagine the heart as a balloon; a normal heart is very elastic. Assuming that a normal heart can receive 6L of blood per minute from the periphery to the heart, a heart with decreased diastolic function can only receive 4L of blood. Then, the rest of the blood cannot enter the heart and pools inside the body. Due to gravity, the lowest parts of the body have the worst edema.

III. Dyspnea

Dyspnea is also one of the classic symptoms of heart failure patients and can be categorized from mild to severeexertional dyspnea，Nocturnal paroxysmal dyspneaas well assit upright and breathe。

1. Exertional dyspnea

• It is the difficulty in breathing that occurs when a person is active. Exertional dyspnea occurs for much the same reasons as limited physical activity.
• When a person is in a laborious situation, the demand for oxygen increases, but the heart's ability to pump blood has decreased and cannot meet the demand. At this time, then, the person naturally wants to take in more oxygen, which manifests itself in loud gasping for air and difficulty in breathing.

2. Nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea

• It is also the process of going to sleep at night and suddenly waking up feeling breathless and having to sit up to feel more comfortable.

3. Sit-up Breathing

• Sit-up breathing is the most severe form of dyspnea and often occurs during an acute episode of left heart failure failure. The patient is unable to lie down and has to sit up to minimize peripheral blood flow back to the heart.

How do you determine the severity of heart failure?

There are two simple ways to determine the severity of the heart: the 6-minute walk test and the NYHA classification

One,6-minute walk test

methodologies: Walk on a flat area for as long as you can for 6 minutes, measure the distance traveled in 6 minutes, and determine the severity of the condition based on the distance traveled.

• <150 meters, which is severe heart failure
• 150-450 meters. Belongs to moderate heart failure
• >450 meters, which is mild heart failure.

ii,NYHA Classification

Class I: daily activities are not limited, and general activities do not cause weakness, dyspnea and other signs of heart failure.

Class II: Mild limitation of physical activity, no sensation at rest, manifestation of heart failure with general activity

Class III: Physical activity is significantly limited, and below average activity can cause heart failure manifestations

Class IV: Inability to engage in any physical activity, symptoms of heart failure are present even at rest and worsen with activity.

• IVa No IV medication, room or bedside mobility
• IVb is unable to get out of bed and requires IV drug administration support

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If medical history is asked, the patient may have a previous history of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, congenital heart disease, valvular disease, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Cardiac ultrasound has an enlarged heart, corresponding manifestations of cardiac disease, i.e., valvular disease, cardiac hypertrophy, etc., as well as a decreased ejection fraction. However, it is important to note that some patients with heart failure do not have a significant decrease in ejection fraction, a condition we call ejection fraction preserved heart failure, or diastolic heart failure.

Heart failure is a state that occurs in almost all heart diseases, after a certain degree of development, there is a deterioration in the pump function of the heart, which can not meet the normal supply of blood and oxygen to the tissues and organs, and there will be a state of cardiac insufficiency and heart failure. How to recognize whether it is heart failure as early as possible? There are several common sense methods below that can teach you to simply recognize heart failure and understand if you have heart failure!

I. The amount of activity has become smaller

The first symptoms of heart failure are the inability to move around or a decrease in activity tolerance, or even shortness of breath without activity in patients with acute heart failure. If there is a significant change in activity tolerance, it is important to be careful if heart failure is occurring.

Second, the shoes suddenly don't fit

The original wear good shoes, suddenly can not wear, then also need to be vigilant is not the emergence of heart failure. Because the right heart failure, after the appearance of body circulation stagnation, the first to appear is the lower limbs, ankle edema. The person did not change, the shoes do not wear must be careful heart failure.

Third, you can't sleep flat on your back anymore

It is also common for a person who is sleeping well to suddenly become unable to lie down and need to elevate their head in order to fall asleep, and this is often seen in patients with heart failure. This is why it is important to be careful and identify whether it is heart failure.

Fourth, there are pits in the legs.

Shoes can not wear is swollen feet, legs appear pits, a press a big pit of the situation, but also the performance of the body circulation bruises, at this time also need to be vigilant is not the right heart failure and total heart failure.

Fifth, the cough continues to be bad

If you don't have a cold or any other lung disease, but develop a persistent cough that doesn't get better, patients with left ventricular failure pulmonary stasis often have it. So if you have a persistent bad cough, be careful if it's left heart failure.

Heart failure happens a lot, it's just a matter of whether we notice and notice it. Heart failure also needs to be detected and treated early, so knowing all of the above allows us to detect heart failure early and prevent events. See what I mean? Follow us to get updated science tweeted to you every day!

Determining heart failure is the responsibility of the cardiologist, how do we determine heart failure in the clinic?

A combination of symptoms, medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and tests are required.

Most heart failure is uncomfortable and we currently still use the earliest classification of cardiac function: the

If the above conditions occur, we have a high suspicion of heart failure, and if there is a history of underlying heart disease such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, wind disease, etc., we have to consider heart failure even more.

Immediately following our examination, we check for heart enlargement on percussion, heart murmur, abdominal distention, jugular vein distension, and swelling of the lower extremities.

Laboratory tests:BNP is a diagnostic indicator of heart failure, and if it is high, the diagnosis of heart failure is verified. Examination:Chest X-ray shows an enlarged heart shadow, or a combination of pulmonary edema.

Cardiac ultrasound: It can clearly show the size of the heart, the condition of each valve, especially the left ventricular ejection fraction, which is especially important for the diagnosis of left heart function.。

Clinical heart failure is of course subdivided into right heart failure, left heart failure, and total heart failure; acute heart failure, chronic heart failure; heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

We need to analyze it specifically. Current treatments for heart failure include medications, pacemakers, and heart transplants, but none of them are very effective.

Therefore, heart failure should be prevented, especially in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and coronary heart disease.。

My husband had heart failure and then died suddenly, symptoms as mentioned above coughing and shortness of breath, gas at first every again, thought the cold caused by coughing, and then gradually sick, gasping can not lie down to sleep only on the couch to lean to sleep, and then edema, only to feel the problem is serious, into the hospital was sent to the custody of the room, rescue in a hurry, nothing serious problems after discharge has been insisting on taking medication, and then continuously so the second, third time! There is no symptomatic situation, suddenly collapsed sudden death, so the elderly or young people, should recognize the seriousness of heart failure, usually pay attention to cardiovascular maintenance, adhere to the medical advice to take medication, this disease is really quite pitiful.

Chronic heart failure is a multifactorial condition characterized by abnormalities in the structure and function of the heart, and is a common condition in cardiology.Clinical symptoms are manifested as insufficient cardiac output, decreased pumping and filling capacity, and insufficient perfusion of systemic tissues and organs, which have a serious impact on patients' quality of life and health.

At present, clinical treatment is mainly by means of diuresis and vasodilatation, which are commonly used to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, nitrates, digitalis glycosides and other drugs, which generally have greater side effects, resulting in patients with hyperkalemia, hepatic and renal failure, dry cough and other phenomena, with a poorer prognosis.

Cyclophosphoadenosine glucosamine has good hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, and has good efficacy and low side effects in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Current research suggests that ventricular remodeling caused by sympathetic overexcitation and adrenaline overproduction is an important cause of chronic heart failure, and atorvastatin can effectively improve ventricular remodeling and has a good antioxidant effect, which is an effective drug for the treatment of chronic heart failure [2]. In addition, serum inflammatory factor levels are also closely related to the development of the disease [3].

Chronic heart failure is a common disease of the cardiovascular system.Most patients are found in the late terminal stage, with high morbidity and poor prognosis. The clinical manifestations of the disease include palpitations, decreased heart pumping and filling function, insufficient perfusion of systemic organs, and recurrent coughing.

Chronic heart failure has a serious impact on patients' cardiac function, serum inflammatory factor levels, and quality of life, so finding rational and effective treatments and assessment tools is crucial to preventing and treating the disease. The onset of chronic heart failure is often caused by hypertension, myocardial dilatationTherefore, echocardiography is used clinically to assess the clinical outcomes of patients. Statins have a good ability to improve cardiac function, and cyclophosphate adenosine has a better ability to dilate blood vessels, both of which are effective drugs in the treatment of chronic heart failure.

Heart failure is the end stage of the development of heart disease, if coronary heart disease, angina and other diseases are not effectively treated, the continued development will lead to the occurrence of the disease. Once you have heart failure, you have to actively control the disease, otherwise there will be serious consequences, and even life-threatening, then, what is the situation of the body to indicate that we have suffered from heart failure? Below we will introduce the performance of heart failure from the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and other aspects.

First of all, we can judge from our own symptoms. Generally after heart failure, there may be dyspnea, and in severe cases, you can't even lie down to sleep at night, and sometimes there will be edema of the lower limbs, fatigue and other symptoms; due to the damage of the heart function, the mild cases will be limited in physical activities, and in severe cases, you can't engage in any physical activities, when the above mentioned symptoms appear, we need to go to the hospital for examination, and to determine whether we have heart failure.

Secondly, when I go to the hospital for examination, some laboratory tests can also tell us that we have heart failure. For example, when the cardiac ultrasound shows that the heart volume increases and is accompanied by a decrease in the ejection fraction of the heart, we can consider that we may have heart failure; blood sampling to check the BNP and other markers of heart failure, which can have a certain role in suggesting heart failure; in addition, we can also check the chest CT, electrocardiogram, blood gas analysis and so on to carry out the auxiliary diagnosis, which will enable us to carry out a more accurate diagnosis of heart failure.

Through the above introduction, I believe that you have a certain understanding of the diagnosis of heart failure, I hope that you must pay great attention when encountering the above clinical manifestations, and actively carry out symptomatic treatment, try to control the development of the disease, at the same time, we must develop good living habits, pay attention to rest, avoid exertion, and maintain a good state of mind.

Answerer: Xu Xia, M.S., M.A.

Welcome to Life Calling for more useful health knowledge.

Heart failure, also known as heart failure, in layman's terms, means that the function of our heart has decreased or the heart is not functioning properly. Heart failure usually occurs on the basis of heart disease, when the heart disease develops to a certain extent, the structure and function of the heart changes beyond a certain limit will occur.

How do I know if I have heart failure?

Heart failure typically occurs in the context of heart disease and it progresses slowly, with only theProperly recognizing the early symptoms of heart failure allows for timely treatment so that more serious consequences can be avoided.

• Difficulty breathing after activity: patients with early heart failure.Fatigue and weakness of the limbs after engaging in slightly heavy physical activities, which can be reduced or eliminated after resting.For example, you may feel short of breath after walking up stairs or taking a brisk walk, but this is relieved after resting. This symptom is mostly a sign of left heart failure. Normal heart function is not dyspnea, but when heart failure, after the activity we will feel dyspnea, wheezing, in the clinic we usually ask the patient to climb three floors in one breath wheezing, in order to assess the patient's heart function.

• You need to sleep on a high pillow or in a semi-recumbent position.At night, patients with heart failure must have high pillows or be in a semi-recumbent position to fall asleep. This is because early heart failure weakens the heart's contractility, increases venous blood flow back to the heart when lying down, and reduces lung capacity; a high pillow elevates the position of the heart, making discomfort less severe. This symptom is more common in the elderly population.
• Rapid heartbeat, weakness, fatigue, etc.It can be characterized by a fast or irregular pulse, a heart rate of more than 100 beats with a little activity, a lack of energy and a feeling of drowsiness. These symptoms are due to the lack of oxygen in our body on the one hand, and the compensatory increase in heart rate to ensure blood supply to the heart on the other. At this time, we should go to the hospital as soon as possible to do ECG or cardiac function tests.
• Coughing, coughing up sputum, hemoptysis.This is because heart failure leads to pulmonary stasis, which usually results in more coughing at night and coughing up frothy sputum, which is relieved when sitting up or standing up.
• Sunken leg edema.When we find that the legs or feet become fat, swollen, and a concave when pressed, we have to beware of whether there is a problem with heart function. This is because heart failure can cause circulatory stasis in the lower extremities, which can lead to edema.

Why heart failure?

1.Most heart failure develops from underlying heart disease.For example, hypertensive heart disease, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease, etc., these diseases can lead to a decline in the heart pumping and filling function of the heart, and one day when the structure and function of the heart is changed beyond a certain limit, the performance of the loss of compensation will develop into heart failure.

2. In addition to underlying heart disease, respiratory infections, tachyarrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal tachycardia, etc.), drug effects (digitalis intoxication), inappropriate activities (excessive physical activity, over-excitement), and increased cardiac loads (excessive sodium intake, pregnancy, childbirth, and rapid infusion of fluids) can all lead to heart failure.

What to do if you have heart failure? Can heart failure be cured?

Once the symptoms of heart failure appear, we must go to the hospital in time to do relevant examinations to prevent the development of the disease.

• A portion of heart failure can be treated effectively to allow the heart to recover better or even reach a level of cure.The focus is on finding the cause of heart failure and eliminating the triggers, such as high blood pressure and infections.
• When heart failure occurs, it is important to rest and eat a low-salt, low-fat diet to reduce the burden on the heart.
• Heart failure is treated primarily byVasodilator, diuretic, cardiotonicand other measures to enhance myocardial contractility and reduce cardiac load, thereby improving the symptoms of heart failure.

Overall, heart failure is a serious disease that poses a greater threat to our lives. So when we have early symptoms of heart failure, we must go to the cardiology department of a regular hospital in time, listen to the doctor's advice and cooperate with the doctor's treatment.

What are the manifestations of heart failure?

1. Waking up from a deep sleep。

When you go to bed at night, you may feel breathless and wake up suffocated, and when you do get up, your breathing is smooth. This is usually an early sign of left heart failure.

In severe heart failure, you basically can't sleep flat on your back at night, you need to sleep sitting up or half lying down, and you hold your breath as soon as you lie down.

2. Lower extremity edema and ankle swelling.

The lower extremities, especially the feet and ankles, were edematous, previous shoes could not be worn, the feet became a pit when pressed, and the calves became abnormally edematous.

In severe cases the eyelids and face are swollen.

3. Total urine volume becomes less and nocturia increases.

Heart failure leads to obstruction of blood return and insufficient blood flow to the kidneys, so they can't produce enough urine, and a lot of water is stored in the body, creating edema, so there is less urine.

4. Bloating and diarrhea.

Loss of appetite, nausea, bloating, and vomiting are likely signs of right heart failure.

5. Exhaustion.

Heart failure patients with reduced blood output, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the brain, easy to feel drowsy, tired and weak. Cannot walk, a little faster walking will be panic, chest tightness, gasping for breath.

Heart Failure Classification

1, NYHA cardiac function classification

Level I:The patient has underlying heart disease, but physical activity tends to be less restrictive and generally intense sports and activities do not cause unusual symptoms.

Class II:Patients with underlying heart disease and mild limitations on physical activity, with no abnormalities at rest, but symptoms such as fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, and chest pain can be triggered by generally intense sports and activities.

Class III:Patients with underlying heart disease, whose physical activity is significantly limited and who have no unusual symptoms at rest, can experience fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, or chest pain once they engage in light activity.

Level IV:Patients with underlying heart disease are unable to engage in physical activity, even at rest, and experience symptoms such as panic and chest pain, which are exacerbated and made dangerous by any physical activity.

In simple terms left heart failure - wheezing, right heart failure - swelling. You should seek medical attention when you notice weight gain and decreased urine output with symptoms such as breathlessness.

Expand to say: Heart failure refers to a complex group of clinical syndromes caused by abnormal changes in the structure and function of the heart due to a variety of reasons, which impair the heart's ability to pump and/or store blood.

Heart failure is mainly characterized by a decrease in exercise tolerance and fluid retention, which means that it is easier to experience dyspnea, easy fatigue, double lower extremity edema, weight gain, decreased urine output, and other symptoms in daily life.

At the same time, according to the time, speed and severity of heart failure can be divided into chronic heart failure and acute heart failure. Chronic heart failure refers to the gradual emergence of heart failure symptoms and signs on the basis of the original chronic heart disease, he is a slow progression of the process, usually ultrasound will suggest that the heart is enlarged or myocardial hypertrophy and so on. Acute heart failure refers to acute severe myocardial damage or a sudden increase in the heart load so that the original heart function is normal or barely able to maintain the work of the heart in a short period of time, but also includes the rapid deterioration of chronic heart failure, heart failure symptoms and signs of rapid onset or deterioration of these manifestations and the acute left heart failure is the most common. Acute and chronic heart failure are relative and can be transformed into each other under certain conditions.

What are the causes of heart failure? Some long-term chronic heart disease can not be effectively controlled for a long time, will eventually develop into heart failure, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, etc.; diabetes mellitus due to poor control of blood glucose can be caused by metabolic endocrine and nutritional disorders; hyperthyroidism makes the heart overloaded, and ultimately make the heart enter the period of loss of compensated, that is to say, let the heart for a long time to work intensively to wear out the heart Heart failure can be caused by various reasons, such as damage to the heart muscle, resulting in the muscle like aging tires can not work properly, and over time will also form heart failure; some viral infections will attack the heart muscle and cause damage to the heart muscle, which will also develop into heart failure.

When the above clinical symptoms are accompanied by some underlying cardiac diseases, the patient should consult a doctor in time to check the echocardiography, BNP, NT-proBNP and other indicators of heart failure to confirm the diagnosis of heart failure.

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