An acute asthma attack is the sudden onset of symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, chest tightness, or aggravation of existing symptoms, and is characterized by a decrease in expiratory flow, often triggered by exposure to allergens, irritants, or respiratory infections, and some asthma attacks occur without an obvious trigger. Asthma attacks are most often seen in patients with poor treatment adherence and poor control. Acute asthma attacks vary in severity and can occur over hours or days, and can occasionally be life-threatening within minutes, so the condition should be properly assessed so that prompt and effective emergency treatment can be given.

Asthma attack, short-acting β2-agonists are the most effective drugs to relieve asthma symptoms, its role is to dilate the bronchial tubes, relieve bronchospasm, the most commonly used is albuterol sulfate inhalation aerosol, the trade name is Ventolin. I believe that many old asthma patients have been very familiar with this drug, to carry, feel uncomfortable immediately inhaled, the discomfort of the symptoms will be immediately relieved. This drug can only be inhaled through the mouth, and used as needed, the recommended dose is 1 press, if necessary, can be increased to 2 press; for prevention, can be given 10-15 minutes before exercise or exposure to allergens; for long-term treatment, the maximum dose of 2 presses 4 times a day; it is important to note that no more than 8 presses should be used in any one 24-hour period. Excessive amounts of the drug can cause adverse reactions; increase the dose or frequency of administration only under the supervision of a physician or pharmacist; if symptomatic relief is maintained for less than 3 hours at a previously effective dose, immediate medical attention is recommended.

There is also a commonly used inhaler: budesonide formoterol powder inhaler, trade name Sinemetubol, this medication is generally used for the regular, long-term treatment of asthma patients, but can also be used for acute asthma exacerbations. It is a combination of budesonide, a glucocorticoid that reduces asthma symptoms, and formoterol, a fast-acting beta2-agonist that works within 1-3 minutes and lasts for at least 12 hours when given once. For use in acute asthma exacerbations, the recommended dose is 1-3 puffs, with an additional puff added if symptoms are not relieved after a few minutes of use, but no more than 6 puffs should be given for any one exacerbation. It should also be noted that since this medication contains hormones, it is important to rinse your mouth well after use to avoid localized adverse reactions in the mouth.

Oral hormone therapy, such as prednisolone, should be added if asthma attacks are not well controlled. Oral hormones are not recommended for self-administration and should be taken under the supervision of a doctor or pharmacist. Some older asthma patients may have hormone medications at home. If the situation is urgent, you can take a single dose as prescribed by your previous doctor, and then you should go to the hospital in a timely manner.

It should be reminded that after self-treatment, even if the symptoms are relieved, it is still recommended to go to the hospital. After the condition improves, you should actively search for the causes of acute asthma attacks, such as whether you have been exposed to allergens before the attack, and whether you have been using asthma-control medications regularly as prescribed by your doctor, in order to prevent asthma attacks in the future.

bibliography

[1] Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma (2016 edition), Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, 2016, 39(9): 1-24.

Author: Xu-Meng Zhang, Clinical Pharmacist, Daxing District Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Beijing, China, Member of Pharmacy Network.

The authoritative interpretation of Pharmaceutical Affairs, unauthorized reproduction, plagiarism will be punished.

Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract, also known as bronchial asthma. The main factors for the onset of the disease are genetic and environmental, and in the case of environmental factors there are mainly allergies to inhalants. It is induced by respiratory infections after exercise, and symptoms such as wheezing and difficulty in breathing can occur. There are precursor symptoms before the attack, such as sneezing, runny nose, cough and chest tightness.

Severe patients may be forced to take a sitting position or sitting breathing, dry cough and cough a large amount of white foamy sputum, or even only cyanosis, etc. Some patients may have a second attack after a few hours of relief, or even lead to persistent asthma.

This is the time to stay calm and quickly inhale a short-acting beta2 agonist, like albuterol, to quickly relieve airway spasm. Also add inhaled hormones to reduce airway inflammation.

It is also important to avoid triggers, which are factors that can induce acute attacks and aggravate asthma symptoms in asthma patients. A variety of triggers have seasonal characteristics and are related to factors such as respiratory infections, allergen inhalation and weather changes.

Avoid respiratory infections, allergen inhalation, occupational dust exposure, strenuous exercise for athletic asthma, and medication-induced asthma, avoiding exposure to asthma-causing medications.

Asthma is short for bronchial asthma, which is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving multiple inflammatory cells and cellular components. Many people will be manifested as recurrent episodes of expiratory dyspnea, some will be manifested as an acute attack, for acute attacks of asthma patients, this time you can assist in choosing the sitting position or semi-sitting position, in this case can be conducive to the breathing of asthma patients, not easy to wear very tight collar clothing, to unbutton the collar, to keep the airway open.

For asthma patients, it is usually best to carry a spray to control asthma attacks, acute attacks can be used in a timely manner to control the symptoms, at the same time, many patients will be manifested as excessive nervousness, which is not conducive to the control of asthma, this time, first of all, we must remain calm, do not be overly nervous, you can ask a family member or passer-by to help call the emergency number, at the same time, will be carrying a spray to use in a timely manner, if not carried can not be nervous, you can also use abdominal breathing to reduce breathing difficulties during asthma attacks, you can take the mouth open and shout or sing to relieve symptoms. If you don't have one, don't be nervous, try to take a sitting position, you can also use abdominal breathing to reduce breathing difficulties during an asthma attack, you can take the mouth wide open to shout or sing to relieve the symptoms.

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There are currently 30 million bronchial asthma patients in China, but not many of them are actually treated properly. The clinical manifestations of asthma are mainly wheezing, dyspnea, coughing and chest tightness, and severe asthma patients will lose their ability to live, not to mention their ability to exercise. But if an asthma patient is well controlled, life is exactly the same as normal people, can run and play ball, can swim and dive, physical work can be as competent, is a normal person.

What is the right way to treat asthma?

It is currently believed that the essence of asthma is the presence of chronic inflammation in the airways, and both undergraduate medical textbooks and international and national guidelines for asthma treatment agree that asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in the airways, where the presence of inflammation leads to recurrent spasms of the bronchial tubes, which are manifested as wheezing and dyspnea. This side is the essence of asthma.

Therefore, the correct treatment for asthma should be anti-inflammatory treatment to bring down the inflammation in the asthmatic airways, which will naturally reduce asthma attacks and reduce or even eliminate wheezing attacks. In addition, in addition to anti-inflammatory treatment, asthma calming treatment is also very, very important. Anti-inflammatory treatment is to treat the root cause, while asthma calming is to treat the symptoms, the reason why asthma, is because there is inflammation. The following medications are commonly used to treat asthma:

1, glucocorticosteroids: this is the number one drug, but also the most effective drugs to prevent asthma attacks. Glucocorticoid is a general term, including budesonide, fluticasone, beclomethasone and other drugs, available on the market, such as budesonide inhaler, fluticasone inhaler, etc., are given through the inhalation of the airways, the efficacy of the drug is better, and side effects are lower. If the above inhaled glucocorticoids alone are not effective enough, then a combination of bronchodilators, such as sulpiride and Sindacortizumab, should be used.

2, anti-leukotriene drugs: leukotriene is an inflammatory mediator that can trigger asthma attacks. So we have to resist this inflammatory mediator, commonly used drugs are montelukast sodium (shunlnin). Cisplatin is also an anti-inflammatory drug, but it is less effective than glucocorticoids, ranking second. However, the advantage of cisplatin is that it is oral and easy to administer. It is especially suitable for patients with concomitant allergic rhinitis, as it acts throughout the body when administered orally, controlling both rhinitis and asthma. Oral glucocorticosteroids can also act on the whole body, but the side effects are too great to be used routinely.

3, asthma medicine: asthma medicine has a long-acting, short-acting, fast-acting, slow-acting difference, if used to prevent seizures, then we should use a long-acting, such as salmeterol, formoterol, etc., if it is used to quickly calm the asthma, acting as a first aid, it should be used with a fast-acting, such as the most commonly used salbutamol, terbutaline, etc., the two drugs are β2 agonists, the onset of the effect is very fast, 1-2 minutes can be calmed asthma, often used. However, the purpose of our asthma treatment is not only to calm asthma, but to be able to prevent asthma attacks, so the glucocorticosteroids and anti-leukotriene drugs mentioned above are more crucial.

For example, an asthma patient, now the medication is like this: usually adhere to regular daily inhalation budesonide inhaler (or fluticasone inhaler), 2 times a day; then carry albuterol aerosol, if asthma has not been an attack, it is best, in case of an acute attack of asthma, there is a wheeze, then immediately inhalation of albuterol aerosol will be able to quickly calm down the wheeze. A combination like budesonide + albuterol is good, one anti-inflammatory for the root cause and one calming for the symptoms.

Once the asthma patient has been stabilized for a few months with the above treatments, it is time to try to reduce the dose of the medication, such as reducing the dose of budesonide by half, etc., and if the reduction is still stabilizing, then continue to reduce the medication. Until the lowest effective dose, maintain it for a long time, and then finally try to stop the drug. It is likely to come back after stopping the medication, so be careful about stopping the medication.

Asthma can be controlled, the key is to formal treatment, do not believe that any ancestral recipes, recipes can cure asthma claims, those will only make you lose your wife and soldiers. You should know that many ancestral recipes contain oral hormone ingredients, which is quite dangerous, because the long-term use of the effect is good, but the side effects are quite obvious, may affect blood pressure, blood sugar, endocrine system.

Be clear about treating asthma.

As the temperature continues to drop and the air quality deteriorates, there has been a recent increase in the number of asthma patients in outpatient clinics, with the majority of these patients experiencing attacks at night. The majority of asthma patients have allergic factors, and the incidence of asthma is higher in allergic individuals and those with family history of asthma. Under the stimulation of various allergens, airway reactivity increases, recurrent bronchospasm occurs, causing localized chronic inflammation. This chronic inflammation is a specific inflammation involving a variety of cells, such as eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, airway epithelial cells, and other components. Recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and/or coughing occur as a result of airway spasm, which leads to restriction of expiratory airflow.

What can you do to relieve an asthma attack? The focus is threefold: one is to stay away from allergens; one is anti-inflammatory; and one is to calm the asthma.

1. Stay away from allergens In fact, allergens are ubiquitous in nature, especially in winter, irritating cold air, dust, fine particles in the air, dust mites at home and so on are all allergens. Therefore, strictly speaking, it is difficult to stay away from allergens, but proper attention can still be done, such as staying away from second-hand smoke, not keeping pets, not staying in newly renovated houses, going out less in winter and hazy days, wearing anti-haze masks when you go out, ventilating your home when the weather is sunny, drying your clothes, and ensuring your personal hygiene and family hygiene.

2. Anti-inflammatory Glucocorticosteroids are the top-ranked medication for asthma and are also the most effective medication for preventing asthma attacks. Glucocorticosteroids include a large group of drugs, such as budesonide, fluticasone, beclomethasone, etc. Usually, these drugs are made into inhalers and administered locally, which can be used repeatedly for a long period of time and have fewer side effects on the whole body. Glucocorticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone succinate and methylprednisolone, can also be used intravenously for a short period of time to improve symptoms in acute and severe asthma attacks. In addition, leukotrienes are inflammatory mediators that trigger asthma attacks. Inhibiting leukotriene release during an asthma attack can control the condition. Currently, the commonly used clinical leukotriene inhibitor, montelukast sodium, trade name Shunrnin, Shunrnin orally administered, side effects are minimal, can be taken orally for a long period of time, and has a certain effect on the control of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma attacks.

3. Alleviation of asthma Alleviation drugs include β2 agonists (salbutamol, terbutaline, salmeterol, formoterol), theophyllines (aminophylline, doxophylline) and M-blockers (ipratropium bromide, oxytropium bromide). Two of the drugs, albuterol and terbutaline, are short-acting beta2 agonists that work quickly, calming asthma in 1-2 minutes. Albuterol aerosol spray, 0.1 mg at a time, repeated once every 4 hours if necessary. Many of today's inhalers are combinations of hormones along with asthma medications, such as sulpiride and Cymbalta.

All of the above refers to less severe asthma attacks. In the event of a moderate-to-severe asthma attack, prompt hospital emergency care is required, including oxygen, intravenous hormones and theophyllines, and rehydration of fluids is needed because of the large loss of water from the airways during an asthma attack. In addition, empiric use of antibiotics to control infection and sputum-modifying drugs such as ambroxol to dilute sputum and reduce airway obstruction are needed.

　　As we all know, asthma is a common respiratory disease, mainly related to genetic and environmental factors. Once there are triggering factors, it is easy to have a sudden attack. So, how to stop asthma quickly when it suddenly attacks?

　　If someone close to you has a sudden asthma attack, do not panic. You should start taking the following measures immediately:

　　1. Let the patient sit down or semi-recumbent, or let it hold the pillow kneeling on the bed, at this time should keep the patient's waist leaning forward, so as to facilitate breathing.

　　2. moderate and severe asthma attack, due to airway obstruction, alveolar ventilation is insufficient, resulting in significant hypoxia, must be supplemented with oxygen in a timely manner. When the patient has appeared serious dyspnea, lips, nails bruising more should be as soon as possible oxygen. Family members quickly take out the home oxygen bottle, at 3L per minute of high-flow oxygen through the nasal catheter or mask to the patient inhalation.

　　3. Immediately have the patient inhale a spare asthma spray that is on hand; see the instructions for that form for dosage. Generally salbutamol or albuterol (wheezing) aerosol inhalation, 1-2 sprays by pressure, no more than 6-8 sprays per day. Oral wheezing, 2-4 mg each time, 3 times daily.

　　4. Pay attention to the patients to keep warm, quiet environment, encourage them to cooperate with the treatment.

　　5. Ensure that the room is ventilated with fresh air, but without excessive wind. Avoid irritating gases such as kerosene, smoke and paint in the room.

　　6. For the first attack of asthma of moderate degree or above, call for help from the "120" emergency center, and ask the emergency doctor to come to rescue and treat the patient. After the condition is stabilized, the patient should be escorted to the hospital for treatment.

　　Finally, home maintenance to do a good job of avoiding triggers "four taboos":

　　1. Avoid contact with allergens: patients with clear allergens should be detached from allergens as far as possible; no clear allergens, asthma attacks should be looked for factors related to attacks.

　　2. Avoid cold and flu: strengthen the exercise of cold resistance, such as using cold water to wash the face, massage the nose, and with the change of the season to increase or decrease the clothes. If necessary, the application of drugs to increase the body's immunity; go to public places to wear a mask.

　　3. Avoid smoke and odor stimulation: asthma patients should be prohibited from smoking, should also avoid passive smoking. Give nutritious light diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, avoid eating foods that may trigger asthma, such as fish, shrimp, eggs and so on.

　　4. Avoid mental tension and excessive fatigue: because under the action of these factors, it will make histamine, allergic slow response substances (SRS-A) and other biologically active substances release, and make the vagus nerve excitability increase, causing bronchial smooth muscle contraction, triggering asthma. Patients should maintain an optimistic psychological state, learn self-regulation, maintain psychological balance and avoid agitation.

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The most prominent feature of asthma is that it can strike at any time, and if it is not dealt with effectively, the chances of sudden death are very high. This also shows how important it is to learn the measures to deal with an asthma attack in an emergency, and the next step is to introduce you to this knowledge.

First, the first is the posture, asthma attack should be the patient's body to support the right or half sitting, so that their body to maintain a forward posture, so as not to compress the airway. Lying flat and head tilted back posture will cause poor breathing and aggravate asthma attack, so posture is very important.

Second, keep the air circulation around the patient, do not because of the rush to rescue the patient surrounded in. If the surrounding air is turbid or irritating gases, immediately move the patient, poor air quality will aggravate the patient's attack. Patients usually also need to avoid places with poor air quality, otherwise asthma is very easy to attack.

Third, try to keep quiet, which is conducive to calming the patient's anxiety and helping the patient to recover slowly. You can help the patient gently pat the back and chest to help the patient resume breathing.

Fourth, relief with drugs is one of the ways to effectively cope with asthma attacks, patients must always have drugs around, the drug is the safest to take according to the usual dosage, do not increase the amount of drugs.

Fifth, provide oxygen to the patient. Oxygen may not be always available, but if it is, it is a better choice than medication, and you can keep some oxygen at home in case of accidents.

These are the emergency treatment of asthma attacks, asthma patients and their families and friends should be more familiar with this knowledge. Asthma patients usually have to keep a happy mood, less angry, strenuous exercise can not participate in, suitable for slow walking a kind of sports.

Instructor: Chunmei Wang, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China.

He has extensive experience in the treatment of bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, pulmonary heart disease and respiratory failure, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary infarction, lung tumors and other respiratory diseases.

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When an asthma attack occurs, there is usually wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and/or coughing, and the discomfort can be relieved by

　　1. Get out of the allergic environment. Generally, the concentration of allergens in the surrounding environment is large, causing an acute attack of allergic asthma. Therefore, you can try to leave the current environment, or open the windows and ventilate the room to reduce the concentration of allergens and minimize the repeated stimulation of allergens.

　　2. Breathe calmly, slowly and deeply. By effectively controlling the breathing rate and switching to nasal inhalation and oral exhalation, the frequency of shortness of breath can be reduced and the burden on the chest cavity can be minimized.

　　3. Stay calm. Stress will only aggravate shortness of breath. Therefore, during an attack, you can take a resting state, such as sitting or lying down quietly.

　　4. Drinking water can relieve symptoms. Drinking water does not relieve asthma, but it has a calming and soothing effect on one's mental mood.

　　5. Effective use of home tools. When you are at rest, you can use pillows to support your body and bow forward to relax your body.

　　Chen Zhengxian concluded by reminding that the above is a treatment for asthma patients to relieve their symptoms when they are out of medication. And the correct approach should be that patients should check the aerosol at least every six months, and re-replace the medication. Especially in the winter and spring seasons, often the high incidence of respiratory diseases and allergic diseases, patients should not be ignored.

Instructor Chen Zhengxian Director, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Chief Physician

Elderly News Reporter Zhu Zhian Correspondent Jane Wen Yang Dai Xi'an

We think asthma is not common, in fact, we are still around a lot of asthma patients, especially children, we often see some children a little activity, blowing the cold air, smell the smell of fumes or irritating gases, there will be non-stop wheezing, shortness of breath or coughing, rest for a while may be fine, a lot of parents did not pay attention to it, and when this always happens to go to the hospital to check up, but then! But this time, the diagnosis and treatment may not be timely, resulting in the child's condition has not been detected, the emergence of the respiratory tract can not be restored to the narrow situation. And don't think that asthma is only for children, sometimes it can also develop in adults. About 1/3 to 2/3 of children with severe asthma can move on to adulthood.

And we all know that asthma many use hormone therapy, which has serious consequences for the body, of course, in addition to can hormone therapy is also other treatment methods.And to do to the understanding of the disease and early and effective prevention and treatment is also particularly important, the following I tell you about asthma is how and how to relieve.

What's wrong with asthma?

1, asthma, also known as bronchial asthma, is mainly chronic airway inflammation, and chronic airway inflammation is to increase airway sensitivity and aggravate it.Commonly speaking, this kind of people have chronic inflammation in the airway, and are more likely to have airway closure than healthy people, which in turn manifests itself in recurrent symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, coughing, and so on, and the more painful thing is that such symptoms mostly appear or worsen at night and early in the morning, but of course this kind of situation can be relieved by many treatments (sometimes resting for a while or taking medications, etc.), so that gases can continue to flow through the airway. circulation. ThereforeWe clinically categorize asthma into three phases: acute exacerbation, chronic persistent phase, and clinical remission.

2,The current prevalence of adult asthma in Asia ranges from 0.7% to 11.9%.Of these, about 30 million people in China suffer from asthma, and about 10 million children.In 2010, the results of China's questionnaire survey showed that the prevalence of asthma among people over 14 years of age in China was 1.24%. In recent years, with the industrialization of society, global environmental pollution, chemical agents, tobacco smoke and other problems have intensified, making the incidence of asthma is gradually rising.

How exactly do you get asthma and is it hereditary?

• We believe thatThe onset of asthma is a combination of genetic and environmental factors, 70% to 80% of children with asthma start before the age of 5 years, about 20% of children with a family history of asthma.Most of the children have a history of infantile eczema, allergic rhinitis and/or food (drug) allergy, so this group of children need to be highly vigilant. Acute asthma attacks can be triggered by a variety of factors in normal life, such asRespiratory infections, dust mites, mold growth, animal fur, pollen, cold air, smoking, smoke, air pollution, food (common such as fish, shrimp, eggs, milk, etc.), medications (aspirin, antimicrobials, etc.), exercise, emotional distressetc.

• Each individual is different, and as a result, their allergens may vary.Patients can keep an asthma diary to help them identify triggers and avoid them, and if necessary, go to the hospital for serologic allergen testing or skin prick testing.The best way to prevent exposure is to stay away from them. Since we encounter the above situation may be onset, the best way is of course to stay away from them, a simple example: a plastic hose, you have nothing to do a few times it folded, at first it can indeed be restored to its original state to continue to use, but the days are long, the hose is not on the aging or even broken, usually we change a hose on the line, but there is no replacement of the possibility of the human airway, and the airway.Breathing can only be assisted with the help of external forces, so it is advisable to stay away from these possible triggers of your asthma to better control the progression of the disease.

I heard that I have to use hormones to control my asthma, will it be too harmful?

1,Asthma medications include inhaled glucocorticosteroids (which require long-term maintenance and are the most effective and safe control medications available).The hormones include: systemic hormones, β2 agonists, leukotriene modulators, theophylline, anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies, formoterol, anticholinergic drugs, antihistamines, anti-allergic drugs and Chinese herbal medicine. Adults may not have much resistance to the application of hormones, but the parents of children may immediately reject the use of hormones: "That's not good, the sequelae of the child is too large, can not take the risk." But this is not the case. We should trust our doctors in charge and believe in their treatment plan.

2. Numerous clinical studies have shown that, for children, theThe best current treatment for asthma is micronized hormone inhalation therapy, theThe hormone dosage is small and acts directly on the airway mucosa, with few systemic side effects. With long-term persistent use, asthma can be controlled for a long time, and the benefits far outweigh the risks of inhaled glucocorticosteroids, making it a safer therapeutic option, and therefore parents need not be overly concerned.

3. For the effective prevention of asthma from early childhood and even in the fetus.We recommend that pregnant women and fetuses avoid tobacco environments.Avoiding acetaminophen and broad-spectrum antibiotics during infancy, eating foods rich in vitamin D and vitamin E during pregnancy, and breastfeeding can all reduce the incidence of childhood asthma.

What else can we do for people with asthma when the diagnosis is clear and the treatment plan has been finalized?

1. The most important point is to stay away from factors that trigger the onset of asthma, should avoid or reduce exposure to indoor and outdoor allergens, viral infections, pollutants, tobacco smoke, drugs, emotional stress and other risk factors.

2.Appropriate exercises can be performed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness: Exercise appropriately under the guidance and advice of a doctor, terminate immediately if you feel unwell and use medication to control your condition, and go to a nearby hospital if your condition is serious;

3. Proper use of inhalers and adherence to medication control; and

4. Adhere to the self-monitoring of the condition: correct use of the peak flow meter, accurate recording of the asthma diary;

5. Adhere to regular outpatient follow-up and discuss the condition with the doctor, and modify the treatment plan according to the condition;

6. Lung function tests may be performed annually to determine asthma control status;

7. Learn as much as possible about asthma and related activities: diagnosis of asthma, basic principles of treatment, differences between reliever and controller medications, potential adverse drug reactions, prevention of symptoms and acute exacerbations, how to recognize worsening of asthma, what approach should be taken, when/how to seek medical care, and treatment of complications.

8.Eat a light, less stimulating diet.Don't be too full, don't always drink cold beer and cold drinks, spicy and other stimulating foods, avoid eating foods that can cause allergies, such as eggs, milk and fish and shrimp, but can be increased appropriately, such as beans and soy products and other high-protein substances. Diet should be nutritionally adequate and balanced, eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, kelp, sea riffles, garlic and fungal substances, enhance the body's resistance and immune function, reduce the attack of bronchial asthma.

In fact, we should know that asthma is not untreatable, we can avoid contact with the method of life plus the therapeutic role of drugs, which can greatly reduce asthma attacks, that is, to achieve a long-term smooth state, and asthma conditions improve, the patient is able to reduce a lot of life, learning, as well as mental stress.

Asthma is a highly reactive disease of the airways. It can be triggered by allergens such as pollen, animal dander, dust, viral or bacterial infections, or exercise, and is characterized by shortness of breath, dyspnea, tightness in the chest, and lungs filled with yeast sounds.

In children, some asthma may gradually resolve itself as they get older. And while most asthma is generally incurable, asthma can be controlled, and when it is controlled well and acute attacks are avoided, it usually doesn't affect life or work. So controlling asthma is very important for people with asthma.

Generally, patients with stable asthma need to use inhaled preparations, such as Cymbicort (budesonide formoterol) or sulpiride (salmeterol fotyrosine), which are the most commonly used in patients with stable asthma, and which consist of beta agonists and inhaled glucocorticosteroids. beta agonists have the effect of dilating bronchial tubes, diastolizing smooth muscle, and relieving airway spasms. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids are anti-inflammatory and inhibit airway hyperresponsiveness, and the combination of the two can play a synergistic effect, which is the first-line drug for asthma.

In addition to these two inhalation preparations there is also albuterol sulfate, which is a fast-acting bronchodilator with an onset of action in 3-5 minutes, providing rapid symptomatic relief and is used for acute attacks of asthma, but should not be used during the stabilization period, as long-term use may cause the body to develop a tolerance to it and the effect of its action to diminish.

In addition, for frequent asthma attacks, especially at night and early in the morning, theophylline, such as aminophylline or doxophylline, can be used to relieve symptoms such as shortness of breath and suffocation. The use of theophylline should be noted that it may cause insomnia, palpitations and other adverse effects, and the dosage of the drug varies from person to person.

For the acute attack of asthma treatment is first to control the symptoms, relieve chest tightness and shortness of breath symptoms, such as taking oxygen, anti-infection, anti-inflammatory, asthma, expectorant and other aspects of treatment. Severe symptoms need to go to the hospital in time to control the infusion.

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