Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, if there is any connection, is that they all belong to arthritis, and common symptoms such as joint swelling and pain can occur when the disease strikes. In general, if you go to the hospital in time to do the relevant examination, it is easy to distinguish between these three diseases, but some patients only based on a few symptoms to determine which disease they suffer from, it may be confused with these three diseases, if blindly taking medication, not only ineffective treatment, but also may delay the condition.

In folklore, many people do not know that rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are two kinds of diseases, often confused; some patients with rheumatoid arthritis, in the early stage of the rheumatology department did not consult the doctor in a timely manner, easy to be misdiagnosed as acute synovitis, osteoarthritis. Today, we will look at osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis what is the difference, if from the patient's point of view to do the distinction.

Differentiation by pathogenesis and susceptible populations

Since osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are three different types of arthritis, they are different in their pathogenesis in the first place, and the populations of the three are also different.

01 / Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease characterized by degenerative changes in articular cartilage and secondary osteophytes. Osteoarthritis patients suffer from wear and tear, destruction of articular cartilage, loss of protection of subchondral bone ends direct friction, resulting in osteophytes, wear and tear off the cartilage debris, which will trigger joint inflammation, and ultimately lead to joint ankylosis, deformity, until the loss of joint function.

The onset of osteoarthritis is related to a variety of factors such as age, gender, body weight, and work performed. Diseases such as intra-articular trauma, joint dysplasia, joint infections, and metabolic disorders can also lead to osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is more prevalent among middle-aged and elderly people after 40 years old, and the prevalence is higher among women than men. In China, the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the age group of 40 to 60 years is 10% to 17%; in the age group of 60 years and above, the prevalence is 50%; in the age group of 70 years and above, the prevalence is as high as 70%. Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease in the elderly population.

02 / Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a common acute or chronic connective tissue inflammation and is a manifestation of rheumatic fever. Clinical symptoms mainly consist of wandering soreness and pain in the joints and muscles, and redness, swelling, heat and pain may occur in joints all over the body, which may recur and involve the heart.

The onset of rheumatic fever is associated with group A group B hemolytic streptococcal infection of the throat, which manifests itself as acute fever in addition to joint symptoms. Joint function can be fully restored after the inflammation subsides, leaving no joint ankylosis or deformity, but it is often recurrent.

Rheumatoid arthritis can be seen at any age, most commonly in children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 15.

03 / Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune syndrome characterized by synovitis. It is mainly characterized by non-specific, symmetric inflammation of the peripheral joints, chronic inflammation and hyperplasia of the synovial membrane, formation of vascular cataracts, and invasion of the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, and tendons, resulting in the destruction of the articular cartilage, bone, and joint capsule, and ultimately leading to joint deformity and loss of function.

The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is unclear and is related to a variety of causes including genetic susceptibility, infections, endocrinology, and external environmental stimuli.

Rheumatoid arthritis is more common in men than in women, with the incidence of the disease being two to three times higher in women than in men. Rheumatoid arthritis can also be seen at any age, with 25 to 50 years of age being the most common age, and is especially prevalent in post-menopausal women.

Distinguished by site of onset and symptoms

Although osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis all present with symptoms of redness, swelling, heat and pain in the joints, their sites of onset and specific symptoms differ.

01 / Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis may occur in the joints of the whole body, including the spine, fingers, etc., but it occurs in the knee joints, hip joints, lumbosacral spinal joints, and the distal interphalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands, which is the most common in the knee joints, and there is a saying that "the old man grows old legs first".

Typical symptoms of osteoarthritis include:

• rigid joint--Osteoarthritis patients with long time inactivity of the diseased joints will appear joint stiffness, like a lock can't move, gradually relieved after activity, the most obvious performance in the morning when waking up, so it is called morning stiffness. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis morning stiffness, osteoarthritis morning stiffness lasts for a shorter period of time, usually a few minutes, rarely more than half an hour.
• joint pain--Joint inflammation caused by cartilage debris, as well as the growth of bone spurs may lead to joint pain. Early pain in osteoarthritis patients manifests as intermittent hidden pain, gradually develops into activity pain, especially when going up and down the stairs, squatting up and down, the pain symptoms will be relieved through appropriate rest, with the progression of the disease, it may develop into persistent pain, when the pain is severe, the patient often can not sleep at night.
• joint swelling--Cartilage debris in the joint cavity may trigger joint inflammation, and bursitis and tenosynovitis around the joints are also common, and may lead to joint swelling. If synovitis occurs in the knee joint, it can lead to fluid buildup and swelling in the joint. This swelling symptom is often persistent or intermittent, and the amount of joint exudate is usually not very large.
• articular friction sound--Osteoarthritis patients with joint cartilage wear and tear off, the cartilage end of the subchondral bone loss of cartilage protection, in the process of joint activities, direct friction between the rough surface of the bone will emit a muffled "click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click, click" sound, which is the friction sound of the joint.
• Restrictions and deformities of the joints-Osteoarthritis advanced stage, cartilage and subchondral bone destruction is serious, bone hardening, joint coarsening, ligaments, tendons, muscles around the joints will also appear contracture, atrophy, will further lead to joints ankylosis, deformity, until the joints function is completely lost, the patient may appear X-shaped legs, O-shaped leg deformity, or even lose the ability to move around, with a wheelchair.

02 / Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis manifests itself as a wandering polyarthritis, with most of the affected joints being the large joints of the knees, ankles, shoulders, elbows, and wrists, while the small joints of the hands and feet are less common.

Typical symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include:

wandering pain-Joint pain is wandering, a period of time is this joint attack, a period of time and that joint discomfort, the pain usually does not last long, after a few days can subside.

inflammation response--Localized inflammatory reaction of redness, swelling, heat and pain in the diseased joints, acute inflammation usually subsides in 2~4 weeks, leaving no sequelae and no deformity in the joints, but often recurring episodes. In some atypical patients, there is only joint pain without inflammatory symptoms.

unable think calmly-Patients may experience symptoms of joint swelling and pain along with mild or moderate fever.

cardiac performance--Rheumatoid arthritis with recurrent attacks can also involve the heart, with myocarditis and heart valve disease.

03 / Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis usually starts slowly, with a low-grade fever for a few weeks before the onset of joint symptoms. In a few patients, high fever, malaise, general malaise, and weight loss may occur before the onset of typical joint symptoms. Typical cases of rheumatoid arthritis are symmetrical changes in the small joints of the hands (especially the proximal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints), the toe joints, wrists, elbows, knees and ankles, and the first symptom may appear in any joint.

Typical symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include:

• Joint pain and swelling -Joint pain is generally the earliest symptom of rheumatoid arthritis, and it is often found in the earliest wrist joints, metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, followed by the joints of toes, knees, ankles, elbows and shoulders. It starts with joint soreness, but as the swelling of the joints becomes more pronounced, the pain gradually worsens. Because of the presence of synovial inflammation, there may be localized fluid accumulation in the joints, accompanied by localized elevation of skin temperature. After repeated episodes, muscle atrophy may occur in the affected limbs, the affected joints are swollen in a pike shape, and the pain symptoms may worsen with the severity of the disease. Joint pain is also associated with changes in climate and temperature.
• morning stiffness--Morning stiffness occurs in 95% of rheumatoid arthritis patients. When the patient wakes up in the morning, the affected joints will feel stiff or tight, which is called "morning stiffness" because it occurs mostly in the morning. Unlike osteoarthritis morning stiffness, rheumatoid arthritis morning stiffness lasts longer, usually more than 30 minutes or even several hours, and the duration of morning stiffness is proportional to the degree of joint inflammation.
• Multiple joint involvement--Rheumatoid arthritis usually involves one to three joints at the onset of the disease, after which the affected joints often develop to more than three, and if the symptoms remain in one joint, it is usually necessary to consider whether it is another disease. Swelling and pain in some other joints can appear 1~3 months after the first joint onset, and then it manifests as repeated, alternating attacks and remissions in several joints, and in severe cases, most of the joints of the limbs are involved.
• Long-term persistence of symptoms-- Another characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis is that the symptoms can persist for a long time, with symptoms of swollen and painful joints lasting for months, years or even decades.
• Restricted or deformed joint movement--In the more advanced stages of rheumatoid arthritis, because of the destruction of cartilage and subchondral bone, and erosion of ligaments and tendons around the joints, the diseased joints will show restricted movement and joint deformities. Common deformities include: fingers and metacarpophalangeal joints often show pike-shaped swelling, button deformity, gooseneck deformity; wrist joints often straighten in an inwardly deviated position (ulnar deviation), and there is fusion of the carpal joints; elbow joints tend to show semi-flexion and fixation, and forearm rotation is limited or even disappeared; hip joints tend to be straightened in the flexion-inwardly converted position; and the knee joints show inwardly and outwardly turned deformities.
• extra-articular manifestation--Rheumatoid nodules are present in about 10% to 30% of patients and occur under the skin in the joint bulges and pressure areas, such as the extensor surfaces of the forearms, near the elbow joints, the occiput, and the Achilles tendon. In addition, rheumatoid arthritis can involve many parts of the blood system, nervous system, lungs, heart, eyes, etc. It is also often complicated by dry syndrome.

From the patient's point of view, to understand the osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis in the etiology of the disease, the prevalence of the population, the characteristics of the onset, the main symptoms, in fact, it is enough, when the symptoms of joint swelling and pain, first of all, you should go to the regular hospital to diagnose, the doctor to understand the process of the onset of the disease, the physical examination, and then combined with laboratory tests and imaging, in order to diagnose the actual disease, the different Different arthritis examination methods are different, the treatment method is even more different, even a specialist can not be based on just a few symptoms to determine which disease, as a patient, to understand the knowledge of the disease is in order to better cooperate with the treatment and life care, but not to replace the doctor, blind use of medication in addition to delaying the condition, and may even lead to a more serious results, which should be borne in mind!

If a non-professional does give you a diagnosis that shows:Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis, or as:Rheumatoid Arthritis, you may not really know the difference, or even think it's the same!

In fact, the three are connected and distinctly different and should not be ignored!

First, the etiologic link!

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are all classified as arthritis, and are so categorized because of the different causes of arthritis!

1. The main cause of osteoarthritis is the negative balance of cartilage cell metabolism with age. It is categorized into primary and secondary osteoarthritis, and some sports and certain occupations can also lead to osteoarthritis.
   
2. Rheumatoid arthritis, as it is often referred to clinically, is closely associated with human hemolytic streptococcal infections, and streptococcal infections of the pharynx are necessary for its onset, which can be induced by factors such as cold and dampness.
   
3. Rheumatoid joints, also known as rheumatoid, is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, characterized by chronic symmetric polyarticular synovitis, extra-articular lesions, and is an immunologic disease!
   
   
   

Secondly, there is a clear difference in the population and symptoms of the disease!

Looking at the incidence population:Rheumatoid arthritis is more common in children and adolescents, and less common in middle-aged and elderly people; Rheumatoid arthritis is more common in women, and the incidence rate is two to three times that of men. It can occur at any age, with a high incidence at 40-60 years old; osteoarthritis: a degenerative disease caused by age, obesity, strain, trauma, congenital anomalies of the joints, joint deformities and other factors, with a high incidence at 60 years old and above!

The cumulative joints are different:Rheumatic joints to large joints; rheumatoid joints to the hand, small joint lesions are more common; osteoarthritis, also known as osteoarthropathy, joint pain often occurs in the morning, joints to get activity after the pain will be alleviated, but such as too much activity, the pain will be aggravated, and get up in the morning or during the day the joints for a long time to maintain a certain position is easy to ease the stiffness of the joints, osteoarthritis is the most commonly involved is the knee Osteoarthritis most commonly involves the knee, hip and distal interphalangeal joints!

Finally, the diagnosis and treatment healing are different!

1. The healing is different:Osteoarthritis is not curable, can control the symptoms to prevent further joint degeneration; rheumatoid arthritis does not destroy the joints, will not cause the joints; acute rheumatoid arthritis, mostly accompanied by destruction of bones and joints, if you do not get timely and effective treatment, often disabling and even life-threatening.
   
2. Laboratory diagnosis is different:Rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis is mostly negative, rheumatoid joints are positive, while arthritis does not detect rheumatoid factor, often based on the history of chronic disease, clinical manifestations and X-rays to diagnose, if necessary, can be done synovial fluid examination to further clarify the diagnosis!
   
   
   
3. There is also a big difference in treatment:Rheumatoid arthritis is treated primarily with large amounts of antibiotics, while rheumatoid joints are treated primarily with immunomodulators and hormones. Osteoarthritis is treated with cartilage-protecting agents such as aminoglucosamine sulfate which have some symptomatic relief and functional improvement, and can delay the structural progression of the disease.Note:All three can be controlled with anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications to reduce symptoms and should not be taken for long periods of time!

Joint pain is a very common symptom in daily life, when it comes to joint pain the first thing that comes to mind is arthritis, and arthritis is a generalized term for all human joints and their surrounding tissues, due to infection, degeneration, trauma and other causes of inflammatory diseases are collectively referred to as arthritis.

But we also hear about osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, what is the difference between them?

1. Etiologically:

• Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that results from the wear and tear of cartilage and bone in the joints due to various causes.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis is due to infection with hemolytic streptococci, usually with 2 to 3 weeks of prodromal symptoms of pharyngeal infection.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease.
  

2. In the mode of initiation:

• Osteoarthritis is slow onset and recurrent.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis has a rapid onset, peaking in 12 to 24 hours.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis is slow onset, recurrent and lingering (in some cases, lifelong).

3. On the symptoms

• Osteoarthritis: mostly pain in unilateral joints, rarely morning stiffness occurs, and in severe cases, deformity dysfunction can occur.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis: mostly seen in large joints with redness, swelling and heat pain, such as knee joints, elbow joints, etc., with symmetrical distribution, wandering pain, not accompanied by morning stiffness, and no deformity or dysfunction left in the affected joints.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis: redness, swelling, heat and pain, mostly in small joints, large joints can also be involved, such as the finger joints, wrist joints, ankle joints, etc.; there is morning stiffness, and deformity and dysfunction of the affected joints can occur.
  

4. On inspection

• Osteoarthritis: no immunologically specific indicators, mostly normal.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis: anti-O positive.
  

• Rheumatoid arthritis: rheumatoid factor positive.

5. On the age of onset:

Osteoarthritis becomes more prevalent as you get older.

Rheumatoid arthritis occurs most often in adolescents.

Rheumatoid arthritis occurs most often in middle age.

Finally, while the above methods can be used to differentiate between the three types of arthritis, they cannot be used to diagnose them, and they each have strict diagnostic criteria.

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When we talk about arthritis, we often hear the terms "rheumatic" and "rheumatoid". In fact, arthritis is not simply categorized as "rheumatic" or "rheumatoid".

Common types of arthritis include: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and gouty arthritis. Let's look at them one by one:

rheumatoid arthritis

It is mainly a symmetrical polyarthritis, commonly characterized by swelling and pain in the small joints of the wrists and fingers, and it appears at all ages. At first, the joints are stiff and spindle-shaped in the morning, and then there is a gradual deformity and disability of the joints.

osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative change that occurs with age and is also known as degenerative joint disease or osteophytes. The condition is most often found in weight-bearing joints, such as the knee. It is usually painful with activity and can be relieved with a little rest.

ankylosing spondylitis

It is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease that mainly affects the large joints of the spine and lower limbs, and its occurrence may be related to factors such as genetics, infection and immunity. Generally speaking, it is more common in adolescent males, and in females, the disease is relatively mild, mainly manifesting as pain in the lumbar region and large joints of the lower limbs, with a feeling of stiffness in the morning, which will be alleviated after moving around. However, in severe cases, the spine is partially or completely straightened from the bottom up.

gouty arthritis

This condition is caused by hesitant blood uric acid being so high that the sodium salt of uric acid settles in the tissues. It is common in middle-aged men and less common in women, if it occurs at all, mostly in old age. During an attack, the joint of the first toe (thumb) becomes red, swollen and hot, and this pain is intense and unbearable. The pain peaks during an acute attack. However, the attack tends to disappear within a short period of time or within a few days, and the person recovers as normal.

rheumatoid arthritis

We often hear "rheumatoid arthritis" is not a standardized name of the disease, it is neither the name of the disease in traditional Chinese medicine, the international classification of diseases also does not have the word "rheumatoid arthritis". In China, some people call the joint symptoms of rheumatic fever "rheumatoid arthritis", and some people use "rheumatoid arthritis" to refer to the arthritis of rheumatic diseases in general.

Rheumatic fever, however, is an immune disease that occurs after being infected by streptococcus bacteria and mainly attacks the heart and joints. Symptoms of such episodes are generally short-lived and mild, and do not cause destruction of the joints or lead to disability.

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The main common clinical arthritis are osteoarthritis type, rheumatic off and inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis, and less common gouty arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis and hemophilic arthritis and so on.

So many terms of arthritis, not to mention the people will be confused, even many non-specialist doctors will be confused, here to give you a little bit of science

osteoarthritis

This disease is degenerative osteoarthropathy onset, age more than 40 years old, mainly invades the knee joint, spine and other weight-bearing joints, joint pain aggravated by activity, there may be joint swelling and fluid accumulation and other manifestations, if the knee joints, there can be bilateral knee joint alternating pain.

The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is based on radiographs, and in the case of the knee, for example, there are four main features: osteophytes, sclerosis of the joint surfaces, narrowing of the joint space, and cystic degeneration of the proximal joints.

In terms of treatment, it is now generally advocated to follow a step-by-step approach and to be as conservative as possible, such as changing bad habits, exercising the quadriceps muscles, and taking non-anti-inflammatory drugs orally. If conservative treatment is ineffective, or the condition progressively worsens, arthroscopic cleaning or even joint replacement surgery should be considered.

rheumatoid arthritis

The disease is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune syndrome of unknown etiology. It can occur in all age groups, with a high incidence in the 25-50 age group. It develops in the small joints of the body (hands) and often presents with symmetric, persistent swelling and tenderness, morning stiffness for more than one hour, and typical hand deformities.

Corresponding tests need to do rheumatoid factor, blood sedimentation and autoimmune-related tests, combined with the corresponding clinical diagnostic criteria, it is generally not difficult to diagnose.

Treatment is mainly by internal medicine, it is worth noting that 2-3 years after the onset of disability rate is very high, negative reasonable treatment of three three years within the joint destruction rate of 70%, active and correct treatment is more than 80% of the patients in remission, only a few ultimately disabled.

rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatism and rheumatoid, although there is only one word difference, but he really two diseases, can also be understood as two different things.

Rheumatoid arthritis has a clear cause, it is infected by hemolytic streptococcus bacteria, so it is an infectious disease, the main manifestation of the disease is a rapid onset of fever with pain in multiple joints, wandering arthritis pain, arthritis occurs from one joint to another.

Treatment is more definitive, requiring anti-infective therapy, and usually leaves no sequelae of joint deformity and has the best prognosis.

Pay attention to orthopedic surgeon Old Bull and don't worry about your health.

Just now an attending physician answered in a very professional and detailed manner. The analysis is clear and well-organized, very admirable. In the past, my mother suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, and suffered a lot. Symptoms of finger joints are swollen, often painful, especially when it will rain and change the day more obvious. Rheumatism, rheumatoid often accompanied by heart disease. Chinese and Western doctors have seen, only pain and relieve symptoms, the root cause is not good to do. From my forties to my eighties, I have never stopped taking medicine. Especially with the use of Chinese medicine treatment, the last decade or so the symptoms have been reduced, but never get rid of the root of the disease. Thanks for the invitation!

Arthritis is a relatively common joint disease in life, the onset of joint redness and swelling, strong pain and joint dysfunction and other symptoms. If not effectively treated, it can easily affect the normal life of patients. The more common types of arthritis are divided into osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, different types of arthritis causes and treatments will be different, the following gives a few specific ways to distinguish:

1. Osteoarthritis.Because osteoarthritis is a degenerative bone and joint disease, most osteoarthritis patients are concentrated in the elderly. Osteoarthritis occurs in weight-bearing joints, such as the spine and knee joints. Patients with osteoarthritis experience significant pain when moving their joints and may also experience swelling and fluid buildup in the joints when examined by MRI.

2. Rheumatoid arthritis.It is more common in women than in men, has no known cause, and is an autoimmune syndrome. This type of arthritis starts in the joints of the hands and has a symmetrical and persistent onset of symptoms, which usually lasts for about an hour. Tests are performed to check for abnormal rheumatoid factor levels in the body and autoimmune tests to determine the specific disease.

3. Rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatoid arthritis is an infectious disease and is prone to metastasizing, with symptoms such as pain moving from one affected joint to a nearby joint. The treatment for this type of arthritis is mainly anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious.

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Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis are all arthritis. It refers to inflammatory diseases that occur in the joints and their surrounding tissues, mostly characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, joint deformity, dysfunction, and in severe cases, deformity, which affects a person's normal life. These types of arthritis, with inflammation, autoimmune response, infection, metabolic disorders, trauma, degenerative disease are related, the following to talk about, these three kinds of arthritis in the end what is the difference.

First of all, osteoarthritis is a condition in which the surface of the joints is not smooth due to age-related osteomalacia, traumatic osteomalacia, hyperplastic bone protruding into the joint cavity, reduction or destruction of the layer of articular cartilage that acts as a cushion, and the joint surfaces do not become smooth, which will cause pain during movement. Osteoarthritis is known by many names, such as hypertrophic osteoarthritis, degenerative arthritis, and degenerative arthritis. Osteoarthritis occurs mostly in the joints of the fingers, knees, elbows, and spine, and rarely in the more distal joints of the wrist and ankle.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a non-microbial inflammation of the joints caused by an immune response, resulting in destruction of articular cartilage, and an inflammatory response that causes oozing from the joint cavity as well as joint swelling and pain. Rheumatoid arthritis may involve the heart if it recurs frequently, and most episodes are acute. Moreover, osteoarthritis is mostly found in older people, usually after middle age, whereas rheumatoid arthritis starts more rapidly, mostly in young women.

Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, the cause of the disease is not very clear, may be related to genetics, infections, hormones and other factors, the performance is similar to rheumatoid arthritis, but the mechanism that triggers the disease is different.

These three types of arthritis are treated differently. Rheumatoid arthritis focuses on controlling bacterial infections, rheumatoid arthritis mainly uses disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medications, and osteoarthritis treatment focuses on relief.

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Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are all common diseases in our rheumatology department; there are similarities but also many differences.

Osteoarthritis.Also called degenerative arthritis, it can involve many joints, most commonly the knees, hands and hips. Pain progression is usually insidious and slow; it may show signs of osteophytes and degenerative changes in the joints. Osteoarthritis of the small joints of both hands mostly involves the distal interphalangeal joints (i.e., the furthest row of joints) and is prone to swelling and deformation of the joints; it may also cause morning stiffness of the joints (the feeling of stiffness and discomfort in the joints when getting up in the morning), but the duration of the morning stiffness is relatively short (less than 30 minutes), and it will be relieved after moving around.

Rheumatoid arthritis.It is also called reactive arthritis, which is mainly caused by an increase in the production of anti-streptococcal O antibodies after streptococcal infection; it can also involve all joints of the body, and before arthritis occurs there are most often precursor symptoms such as throat infection, as well as typical arthritis, conjunctivitis and urethritis manifestations.

Rheumatoid arthritis.It is mainly caused by the production of a large number of autoantibodies in the body, and mainly involves the small joints of both hands and feet, with symmetric joint pain, morning stiffness of the joints (usually greater than 30 minutes, this and osteoarthritis can be identified) with thickening of synovial membrane of the joints, and vascular cataracts formation as the typical manifestations. Rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies are elevated, and synovial thickening and destruction of articular cartilage and bone can be seen on joint ultrasound or MRI.

All three types of arthritis are common in rheumatology, with different treatment protocols, and require medication under the guidance of a rheumatology specialist, so you need to be careful with your medications.

These three kinds of arthritis are very common in clinical work, joint pain is the main clinical symptoms of these three kinds of arthritis, however, because of these three kinds of arthritis treatment measures are different, so, clinically need to identify, clear diagnosis and then carry out the relevant treatment, or else it is easy to miss the wrong treatment.

Osteoarthritis is most common in middle-aged and old people, mainly due to degenerative changes in the joints, according to the different parts of the occurrence, divided into osteoarthritis of the hand, knee osteoarthritis, hip osteoarthritis, etc., of which the knee osteoarthritis is the most common, osteoarthritis is mainly a damage to the articular cartilage, which is due to the long-term joints of the weight-bearing or exertion occurs, generally there is no bone destruction, the treatment of anti-inflammatory pain relief, if there is a joint effusion, can be pumping fluid treatment, severe patients can also be surgical treatment. If there is joint effusion, fluid extraction can be carried out, and serious patients can also undergo surgical treatment.

Rheumatoid arthritis is mainly characterized by migratory joint pain, clinical laboratory indicators are generally not abnormal, or slight abnormalities, but the patient's symptoms of this migratory joint pain is more obvious, and generally do not occur in the bone destruction, resulting in joint deformity, the majority of patients can be through physical therapy, traditional Chinese medicine and other ways to make the disease can be relieved.

Rheumatoid arthritis can be said to be the most serious arthritis in the fried three, it is mainly to invade the small joints, long-term development can cause joint deformity, or even paralysis, so it is necessary to intervene at an early stage to slow down the progression of the disease, if the symptoms of joint pain is obvious, most of the patients' disease is in the active stage, rheumatoid factor, inflammatory indicators, hands joint X-ray will appear corresponding abnormalities, in addition to treatment In addition to symptomatic relief, it is also necessary to use slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs for a long time according to the situation, in order to treat rheumatoid, and it is also necessary to regularly monitor the liver and kidney function, and the activity of the disease.

Overall, these three diseases are very different from each other in terms of clinical presentation and treatment.

Answer: Chen Yongmiao, M.S., M.A.

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