It must be pointed out that relying only on symptoms to distinguish stomach cancer from other stomach diseases is not of great significance, and it is difficult to diagnose stomach cancer at an early stage. Early gastric cancer often lacks specific symptoms, and patients may have abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, vague pain in the upper abdomen, loss of appetite and so on. These symptoms are not significantly different from those of some other chronic stomach diseases. Progressive gastric cancer may have upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction, bleeding, wasting, etc. At this time, the difficulty of treatment will become bigger, and many patients even lose the chance of surgery, and the prognosis is also very poor.

Some chronic gastric diseases and precancerous lesions may develop into gastric cancer. Chronic diseases include gastric polyps, chronic atrophic gastritis, and gastric remnants after partial gastrectomy. Pre-cancerous lesions refer to the pathologic and histologic changes of gastric mucosa that are prone to cancer and do not have malignant characteristics, such as heterogeneous hyperplasia of gastric mucosal epithelium, which is classified into mild, moderate and severe according to the degree of cellular heterogeneity.

Long-term chronic inflammation makes the superficial epithelium and glandular epithelium of gastric mucosa replaced by cup cells and pyloric gland cells, this process is called metaplasia, the wider the scope of occurrence, the greater the risk of gastric cancer. Chronic gastritis extends to the deeper part of the gland, the gland is destroyed, the number is reduced, the lamina propria is fibrotic, and the mucosa is thinned. This process is called glandular atrophy, and the multifocal atrophy centered on the angle of the stomach and spreading to the sinus and the body of the stomach increases the risk of gastric cancer. Heteroplasia also occurs during the progression of chronic gastritis, and metaplasia, atrophy, and heteroplasia are all considered precancerous states of gastric cancer.

Chronic gastritis treatment is divided into 1.causative treatment, mainly eradication of Helicobacter pylori, intervention of duodenal reflux, supplementation of multivitamins, etc. 2.symptomatic treatment, moderate acid suppression, protection of gastric mucosa, etc. 3.treatment of precancerous state, there is evidence to show that the oral selective COX-2 inhibitor, cemecoxib, has a certain effect on the relief of gastric mucosal severe inflammation, intestinalization, and atrophy. Moderate multivitamin supplementation with selenium. Mucosal stripping under gastroscopy for severe atypical hyperplasia if necessary.4. Improvement of lifestyle.

It is possible for chronic gastritis to turn into gastric cancer. There are only four steps from gastritis to gastric cancer, and the general order of development is this, chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, atypical hyperplasia/carcinoma in situ, and gastric cancer.

Can you tell the difference between gastritis and stomach cancer by the symptoms?

There are many types of gastritis, acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, bile reflux gastritis, erosive gastritis, superficial gastritis, atrophic gastritis and so on, the symptoms of various gastritis are relatively similar, most of the minor gastritis, there are no symptoms, if there is a clinical manifestation of the gastric pain, abdominal distension, acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, weight loss, emaciation, and so on.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor of the stomach. Early stage gastric cancer usually does not have any specific symptoms as well, or it may have symptoms similar to gastritis.It is impossible to distinguish gastritis from gastric cancer simply from the symptoms, from the patient's clinical presentation.

If you don't treat gastritis, will it turn into stomach cancer?

This is possible, and chronic gastritis is characterized by chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, with or without intestinal epithelial hyperplasia, and atypical hyperplasia/carcinoma in situ, in descending order of severity.

Chronic superficial gastritis

Also called chronic non-atrophic gastritis, chronic superficial gastritis is the mildest form of gastritis. The food that enters our mouths first enters the stomach, which, through constant movement, mixes the food with gastric acid and pepsin to grind it into chowder and carry out preliminary digestion.

Food is digested inside the stomach and constantly in contact with the stomach, it is possible to cause slight damage and inflammation of the gastric mucosa, under normal circumstances, the gastric mucosal cells will continue to necrosis and shedding, but also continue to have new cell formation, to achieve a dynamic balance.

Chronic superficial gastritis doesn't need any special treatment, you just need to pay attention to your diet and have a regular routine.

chronic atrophic gastritis

Chronic superficial gastritis further development, will become chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric mucosal cells atrophy, mucosal cells may also occur intestinal epithelialization, that is to say, gastric mucosa in the emergence of cells similar to the intestinal mucosa epithelium. Gastric mucosal atrophy to a certain extent, there will be abnormal cell proliferation, these abnormal proliferation of cells and the normal cellular structure is completely different, also known as heterotrophic hyperplasia.Heterogeneously proliferating cells may become tumors, so they are also called intraepithelial neoplasia.

With age, the elderly can develop atrophy of the gastric mucosa, and if a young person develops chronic atrophic gastritis, it needs to be taken seriously. The first step is to get rid of the cause of the disease, Helicobacter pylori is the most common cause of the disease, which needs to be eradicated. Long-term smoking and alcohol, taking drugs that damage the gastric mucosa may lead to chronic atrophic gastritis.

There is no specific drug that can reverse the atrophy of the gastric mucosa, in addition to getting rid of the cause of the disease, pay attention to diet and take care of your stomach. It is also necessary to review regularly and make treatment according to the condition.

In the case of mild atrophic gastritis without intestinal epithelial hyperplasia, it is generally safe to have a repeat gastroscopy every one to two years.

In the case of moderate-to-severe atrophic gastritis, with or without intestinal epithelial hyperplasia, gastroscopy should be repeated every year or so.

If there is mild to moderate heterotrophic hyperplasia, a gastroscopy is needed about once every six months.

In the case of severe atypical hyperplasia, gastroscopic resection of the lesion is recommended, followed by continued repeat gastroscopy.

There are many types of gastritis, such as chronic atrophic gastritis, bile reflux gastritis, erosive gastritis, superficial gastritis and so on, the clinical manifestations of these gastritis are roughly the same, nothing more than belching, acid reflux, bloating, stomach pain, poor appetite, nausea and so on.

The clinical manifestations of stomach cancer in the early stage are relatively mild, and some early stomach cancers do not even have these mild clinical symptoms. Only when the stomach cancer develops to the middle or late stage, there will be more obvious clinical symptoms or specific symptoms.

Therefore, there is basically no obvious difference between the symptoms of stomach cancer in early stage and gastritis, so for some mild long-term existence of digestive system, you must not take it lightly, and should go to the hospital in time for corresponding examination to clarify the type of stomach disease, and then treat it in time.

For what kind of examination should be done for diagnosis, here Xiao Ke recommends gastroscopy, which can clearly observe the type of inflammation on the surface of gastric mucosa and the severity of disease development. Gastroscopy is also the most important means of screening for early gastric cancer.

For gastritis if long-term existence will not be cancerous, like bile reflux gastritis, erosive gastritis, superficial gastritis and other diseases generally do not have the chance of malignant transformation, as long as the formal and timely treatment, generally can be recovered, and for atrophic gastritis patients, must pay attention to whether there are intestinal hyperplasia and xenogastrocytosis, because xenogastrocytosis and intestinal hyperplasia is the risk of pre-cancerous changes. risk of precancerous lesions and must be treated.

No matter what kind of gastritis, must pay attention to, do not because of the disease and the symptoms of the mild gastritis do not carry out active formal treatment, because all kinds of gastritis, if long-term care is not, is like more serious gastric diseases developed by the possibility of.

These are the views of Xiao Ke, welcome your questions and additions, pay attention to Xiao Ke, to learn more about health knowledge.

Thanks for the invitation to answer this question, I'm a doctor of gastroenterology, associate physician, and associate professor of gastroenterology.

1、What are the similarities and differences between the pre-symptoms of gastritis and stomach cancer:

It should be said that the scary thing about stomach cancer is that there is no particular discomfort in the early stages. That is to say, most of the early symptoms of gastritis and stomach cancer are pretty much the same: bloating, belching, acid reflux, and not wanting to eat. If there is non-stop weight loss (not because of eating less) and dark stools, these are often advanced stages.

Therefore, most of the early stomach cancer can be found is not because of any special discomfort anymore, many of them are found by physical examination or unintentionally.

Overall, the pre-symptoms of gastritis and stomach cancer are basically similar, and to find out if it's stomach cancer or not, you still need to have a gastroscopy when you're not feeling well to find out.

2、Will gastritis become cancer if left untreated for a long time?

To talk about this, we need to talk about the progression from gastritis to gastric cancer. From the chart below, we know that from gastritis (superficial gastritis) to gastric cancer, there are 5 steps: superficial gastritis - atrophic gastritis - intestinal metaplasia - heterotrophic hyperplasia --Gastric cancer.

So the answer to the question, will it turn into stomach cancer if left untreated, is that it is possible. Although the risk is not that 100%, there is still a high risk of turning cancerous if it goes on long enough. Especially:

1) Have a Helicobacter pylori infection

If the cause of the gastritis itself is a H. pylori infection and then it is not eradicated and treated, then the risk of turning cancerous in this way is stacked.

2) Family history of stomach cancer

If someone in the third generation of your immediate family has had stomach cancer, then your chances of getting stomach cancer are much greater than others. And then if you also have H. pylori infection and gastritis, the risk is just much, much greater.

3) With heterogeneous hyperplasia

Especially if there is moderate to high grade heterogeneous hyperplasia, the chance of that becoming cancer is just very high, and we often describe it as already having half a leg on the cancer.

Overall, just gastritis (superficial gastritis) then the risk is not too great, but if there is a combination of other conditions, then the risk of becoming cancerous is high. The right thing to do is not only to eradicate H. pylori, but also to develop a reasonable gastroscopy review program: exactly how often to review the gastroscopy.

Welcome to "Gastroenterology Dr. Min Han", have questions and answers, more scientific knowledge.

There are several typical symptoms of cancerous stomach disease:

Symptom 1: Change in the nature of the pain

Before sharing this, let's generalize with you that pain is not always a stomach problem. Let's take a look at the location of the pain, the stomach belongs to the upper abdomen, near the heart. If the pain is on the left side of the abdomen in the upper-middle region, it is most likely to be a stomach disorder.

So what are the changes in the nature of pain in gastric cancer. For example, our gastric ulcer patients usually have pain after eating a full meal, usually half an hour to two hours after the meal appeared, and then to the next meal before the pain hours, if the pain found some changes, no regularity, become persistent abdominal pain, or the pain is reduced, should be vigilant.

Symptom 2: Significant wasting

It may also be a sign of malignant lesions if the patient with gastric ulcer is particularly tired and fatigued within a short period of time, as well as experiencing indigestible diarrhea, which is aggravated by eating meat in particular, nausea and vomiting, and a drastic change in general condition with marked emaciation, rapid weight loss, and very poor drug treatment.

Symptom 3: Epigastric distension

Patients with gastric ulcers do not usually form abdominal masses. If a mass is felt in the heart socket and is hard, rapidly increasing in size, painful to press, and the vomiting worsens as the mass increases in size, this is most often a lesion.

Signal #4: Unexplained Black Stool

Sometimes we have black stools when we eat a type of food, but if a patient with a gastric ulcer develops unexplained black stools, or if the results of a fecal occult blood test are persistently positive and severe anemia occurs, these phenomena indicate that the gastric ulcer is worsening.

Symptom 5: Daily medications not working well

Where gastric ulcer patients over the age of 40 years, ulcer disease in the unknown factors have undergone significant changes in the original treatment of better drugs, suddenly become ineffective, coupled with the patient appeared to be unknown low-fever condition, which may also be a warning of malignant lesions.

Anorexia and nausea and vomiting; while the latter is characterized by gastrointestinal bleeding with vomiting blood and black stools. Chronic gastritis is generally divided into superficial gastritis, atrophic gastritis and hypertrophic gastritis. Chronic gastritis has a prolonged course and most of them have no obvious signs and symptoms, and commonly suffer from indigestion symptoms such as fullness and bloating after meals, acid reflux, belching, and irregular abdominal pain. If a definitive diagnosis is needed, it is mainly through gastroscopy and biopsy of the gastric mucosa. Gastritis is common in adults and can be triggered by many causes that can irritate the stomach, such as poor diet, viral and bacterial infections, and drug irritation.

Most early stomach cancer patients will not show obvious stomach cancer symptoms, which are usually loss of appetite and abdominal discomfort. If the patient develops stomach pain, that is, the patient starts to feel the symptom of epigastric discomfort, or the feeling of bloating, heaviness, or even the hidden pain at the heart socket, he/she needs to be examined in time to differentiate with gastritis and ulcer disease. If the patient has symptoms of loss of appetite and pain in the stomach at the same time, it is necessary to pay great attention to it. In addition, if the patient has symptoms of loss of appetite and pain in the stomach, it needs to be taken seriously. In addition, if the patient has nausea, vomiting, blood in stool, etc., gastroscopy must be performed on the patient. Since early gastric cancer lacks typical clinical symptoms, if malignant lesions cannot be ruled out, gastroscopy should be used in time to realize early diagnosis and early treatment.

It will be. It has been reported in the literature that gastric precancerous lesions are pathological changes with the potential for malignant transformation, usually including intestinal epithelial hyperplasia and intraepithelial neoplasia (also known as heteroplasia), of which the cancerous significance of intestinal hyperplasia is still controversial, and intraepithelial neoplasia is the currently recognized precancerous lesion of gastric adenocarcinoma. Chronic gastritis, especially chronic atrophic gastritis, is the main background lesion for the development of intraepithelial neoplasia, and atrophic gastritis with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia is the main target of internal medicine intervention and the focus of secondary prevention of gastric cancer. Risk factors for the development of chronic gastritis into gastric cancer have also been reported in the literature as pickles, moldy foods, and fried foods,

Irregular diet, history of gastrointestinal disease, and intermittent use of acid-suppressing and acid-suppressing medications are protective factors for the development of chronic gastritis into gastric cancer. A good diet can reduce the probability of cancer in patients with chronic gastritis.

The authoritative interpretation of Pharmaceutical Affairs, unauthorized reproduction, plagiarism will be punished.

Thank you for the consultant's question. Unfortunately, there is no special distinction between gastritis and gastric cancer in early stage including precancerous lesions in terms of symptoms, and even there are no obvious symptoms in early and middle stage of gastric cancer, and once detected, it is already in advanced stage. Therefore, prevention and screening are important for gastric cancer, and early detection, timely diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis.

Gastric cancer is a complex process involving multiple factors and multiple steps, so how to detect gastric cancer as early as possible? Combined with clinical practice, relevant guidelines have summarized the possible alarm symptoms of stomach cancer, once the following symptoms appear, you need to be alert to the possibility of stomach cancer:

• Gastrointestinal bleeding (vomiting blood, black stools);
  

• Vomiting;

• Wasting away;

• Upper abdominal discomfort;

• Upper abdominal mass;

The accuracy of alarm symptoms in predicting gastric cancer is limited on the one hand, and the prognosis of treatment is extremely poor as the symptoms often reach the advanced stage. Therefore, for people with high incidence of gastric cancer, it is recommended that they should be screened regularly, and the means of screening mainly include upper gastrointestinal imaging and gastroscopy, which is, of course, undoubtedly, the most accurate means of screening, except for the manpower, material and invasiveness of the examination.

According to the national situation and epidemiological survey in China, people who meet any of the following 1 and 2-6 are called high-risk groups for stomach cancer:

1. Age greater than 40 years;
   

2. Areas with a high incidence of stomach cancer;

3. HP (Helicobacter pylori) infected individuals;

4. Pre-existing gastric precancerous lesions such as chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric polyps, surgical remnants of the stomach, and hypertrophic gastritis;

5. First-degree relatives of stomach cancer patients

6. Presence of risk factors for gastric cancer (high salt, pickled diet, smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, etc.).

For high-risk groups, it is recommended to review gastroscopy regularly (1-3 years depending on the situation). Of course, for us ordinary people, we should try to avoid high risk factors of gastric cancer in our daily life, such as trying to eat a light diet, eating more vegetables and fruits, quitting smoking and drinking, and eradicating Helicobacter pylori in time.

Today, we will summarize these for you, I hope to help you, if you have any questions, welcome to leave a message to consult!

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Dr赵

Gastritis is one of the most common stomach problems, as the saying goes, "nine out of ten people have stomach problems", in fact, almost everyone has had stomach pain, bloating, indigestion and other symptoms of stomach discomfort, but the end of the different people are very different.

What are the similarities and differences between gastritis and pre-cancer symptoms, and will gastritis turn into stomach cancer if left untreated for a long time?

Gastritis is very common, may be part of the patient just because of an occasional improper diet, after pay attention to diet or medication will relieve no longer occur, but there are patients will be manifested as a prolonged period of time, recurring episodes, the slightest attention to the stomach will be upset, which is what we call chronic gastritis. There are also patients whose gastritis remains untreated for a long period of time and eventually becomes cancerous, leading to the development of gastric cancer. Because of this, gastritis patients often worry about whether it will develop into stomach cancer one day. How to prevent stomach cancer effectively?

1, the probability of gastritis developing into stomach cancer:In fact, for most patients with gastritis, the probability of gastritis turning into gastric cancer is still very low. Ordinary gastritis is mostly benign, even for patients with chronic gastritis, as long as they pay attention to the active intervention and treatment, cancer will not occur easily. The process of gastritis cancer is generally chronic gastritis through atrophic gastritis, intestinal epithelial hyperplasia, heterogeneous hyperplasia, and finally develops into gastric cancer, which is a long process. Therefore, patients do not need to worry too much, but they should not be careless either.

You should know that if you know you have a bad stomach, you still eat and drink freely, indulge your life, smoke and drink, stay up late to socialize, eat a lot of meat and fish, etc. Such habits will only accelerate the damage of the stomach and increase the probability of stomach cancer. Even young people can't escape the fate of stomach cancer. It is important to know that the youthful trend of stomach cancer is obvious now, which is closely related to people's long-term improper lifestyle. Therefore, although the probability of gastritis deteriorating into stomach cancer is very low, but the premise is that patients pay enough attention to their own condition, pay attention to any details in their life, and protect their stomach health.

2, Symptomatic changes of gastritis cancer:To be sure, the most important thing for gastritis patients to avoid serious consequences is to actively intervene in the treatment, regular review and timely treatment, knowing that early gastric cancer can be cured. Therefore, it is important for patients with chronic gastritis to monitor the occurrence of abnormal physical symptoms.

Symptomatic changes in gastritis and gastric cancer: gastroparesis abdominal pain, gastritis patients tend to show regular, episodicgastralgiaIn patients with gastric cancer, gastric pain is not significantly correlated with eating, but occurs mostly after eating and is characterized by jerky, intermittent pain in the upper abdomen.Irregular.The pain is more intense and prolonged; bloating, in gastritis patients, is manifested by a full stomach filled with gas or accompanied by reverberations, and in gastric cancer patients, by bloating after eating a little, or accompanied by nausea and vomiting, and in some patients, it may be palpabletenderMass; weight, patients with gastritis tend to be thin, but their weight will not change greatly in a short time, while patients with gastric cancer will experience unexplained rapid weight loss due to dietary disorders or proliferation of cancer cells, accompanied by province-wide symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, and low-grade fever; and vomiting of blood and black stools,lymph node enlargementHowever, patients with gastritis usually do not have these symptoms, but patients with gastric cancer will have severe symptoms such as vomiting blood, black stools, and enlarged lymph nodes.

In our daily life, due to work pressure, irregular life and other reasons, more and more people suffer from various kinds of gastric diseases, and some people suffer from early gastric cancer, thinking that it is a small disease like gastritis, and missed the best period by not treating it in time, until they go to see the doctor and find that it is already the late stage of gastric cancer, so what are the differences and similarities between the symptoms of early gastritis and gastric cancer?

Pre-symptoms of gastritis:

1. Pain in the abdomen, most patients have epigastric pain sensation, bloating, nausea and vomiting.

2. There are repeated bleeding phenomena, the gastric mucosa is in the state of congestion, edema, point-like bleeding and erosion, which is not easy to recover.

3. The patient often belching, is the stomach gas out of the throat issued by the sound, the sound of long and slow, is often referred to as "hiccups".

4. Some patients may experience loss of appetite, acid reflux, vomiting, fatigue, constipation or diarrhea.

Gastritis patient's diet regulation: develop good eating habits, small meals, regular quantitative, chewing, avoiding the intake of rough, too salty, too sweet, too spicy stimulating foods and drinks, quit smoking and drinking, to high-calorie, high-protein, high-vitamin, easy-to-digest diet.

Reminder: chronic atrophic gastritis must be treated consistently or it can migrate to cancerous tissue.

The pre-symptoms of stomach cancer are:

1. Painful sensation in the stomach from time to time, progressively aggravated.

2. A few people have nausea, vomiting or upper gastrointestinal symptoms similar to ulcer disease.

3. Patients often have more obvious gastrointestinal symptoms, epigastric discomfort, a feeling of fullness and bloating after eating, loss of appetite and prolonged physical weakness.

4. Gradual weight loss.

Dietary regulation for stomach cancer patients: change dietary results, eat more vegetables and fruits, legumes and milk, fresh fish, meat, eggs, eat more garlic and green tea, change bad dietary habits, avoid overeating, not easy to eat too fast, too hot, too hard, quit smoking and drinking.

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There is a correlation between gastritis and gastric cancer, but from inflammation to cancer requires the action of many factors to occur! Gastritis is an inflammatory manifestation of the gastric mucosa, with cells showing enterosis and atrophy, acute inflammatory manifestations! Cancer, on the other hand, is an abnormal mutation of cells!

Early stage of stomach cancer usually does not have any symptoms and is very similar to gastritis, so it is often mistaken as just gastritis, so it is often delayed! The best time for treatment is missed! This is the reason why our doctors require people over 40 to have a painless gastroscopy every year!

People who have gastritis for a long time, if they do not take care of their stomach, because of the long-term infection of Helicobacter pylori, stimulation of tobacco and alcohol, the influence of food and heredity, there will be a high risk of cancer, but it is not a certainty that they will get cancer! Regular attention to the treatment and maintenance of the stomach can definitely reduce the probability of stomach cancer! But it doesn't mean you won't get cancer! Frequent gastroscopy is the most important thing, I think!