Whether or not symptoms appear in lung cancer is related to where the lung cancer is growing when it occurs:

If the tumor grows in the bronchial tubes, symptoms such as coughing, blood in the sputum, and chest tightness can occur in the early stages of the disease;

If the lung cancer occurs in the periphery of the lungs, near the pleura, it will be noticed at an earlier stage by causing uncomfortable symptoms such as chest pain and tightness;

If the lung cancer occurs in the parenchyma of the lungs, away from the bronchial tubes and pulmonary pleura, symptoms often do not appear until the tumor has metastasized or locally produced compression.

Early Symptoms of Lung Cancer

1. Cough:

If the tumor grows on the bronchopulmonary tissue, it may cause an irritating cough.

2. Hypothermia:When the bronchial tubes are blocked by the tumor, obstructive pneumonia is often present, and its degree varies from low-grade fever in mild cases to high fever in severe cases.

3. Chest swelling and pain:Chest pain in early stage of lung cancer is mild, mainly manifested as dull pain or hidden pain, and the location is not certain. If the swelling pain persists, it indicates that the cancer may involve the pleura.

4. Phlegm and blood:A small amount of bleeding, often mixed with sputum, may occur when capillaries are broken by the tumor. Many lung cancer patients are found to have blood in the sputum.

Lung cancer is insidious in its onset, asymptomatic or atypical in its early stage. Most of the lung cancers have been diagnosed in the middle or late stage, and the best time for treatment has been missed, so early screening, early diagnosis and early treatment are the important elements of lung cancer prevention and control!

These are the more common ones, and there are a few more symptoms that should not be ignored

5. Hoarseness Hoarseness is the most important first feature of lung cancer. This is due to the fact that the metastatic foci of lung cancer compress the ipsilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve, thus causing hoarseness of voice. As metastatic foci of lung cancer can appear in early stage, and the cancer cells of metastatic foci are highly malignant and sometimes grow faster than the primary tumor, therefore, the clinical manifestations of metastatic foci can appear before the primary foci.

6. Neurological symptoms: Unexplained headache, vomiting, visual impairment, change of character and temper may be caused by intracranial hypertension or damage of cerebral nerves due to metastasis of lung cancer to the brain. Neurological symptoms such as sudden coma, aphasia, weakness of one side of limb or even hemiplegia may also occur, which are often misdiagnosed as cerebral thrombosis or brain tumor due to the lack of obvious lung symptoms. It is mostly seen in small cell lung cancer and adenocarcinoma types.

7. Some lung cancer patients do not have cough, shortness of breath and other discomforts, but have more than low back pain, and after many examinations, they finally find out that the original "culprit" is lung cancer. About 2.3% of patients have bone metastasis as the first symptom of lung cancer, and about 30%~50% of middle and late stage lung cancer patients will have bone metastasis. There is no obvious difference in symptoms between bone and joint pain, which often occurs in middle-aged and old people, and the pain of bone metastasis of lung cancer. Therefore, patients with prolonged joint pain, including lumbar pain, shoulder pain, chest pain, etc., should not carry on and endure, but should go to the hospital as soon as possible to check whether the bone metastasis is caused by lung cancer.

8. Pestle finger, also known as drummer's finger, manifests as hypertrophy of the first section of fingers and toes, and the nail protrudes and becomes curved, often accompanied by pain. It is reported abroad that 21% of lung cancers are accompanied with pestle finger in early stage, and most of them disappear after lung surgery.

9. Male female breast Overseas scholars have investigated 267 cases of male lung cancer patients, early one side or both sides of the breast enlargement such as female accounted for 37.5%, often neglected, and even misdiagnosed as simple breast hyperplasia and was excised.

10. Multiple peripheral myositis is also one of the early symptoms of lung cancer. According to statistics, 85% of lung cancers show only progressive weakness and loss of appetite before the appearance of typical symptoms, and when aggravated, they may have difficulty in walking and getting up from bed.

Prof. Xiao Yi, Chief Physician of Respiratory Medicine at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, summarized 4 points:

1. Symptoms caused directly by lung cancer growing in the lungs

(1) Cough is the most common symptom. In the early stage, it is often a sputum-free, paroxysmal cough triggered by irritating odors (i.e., irritating dry cough), which can be easily treated as a respiratory tract infection. When the large airway lumen (i.e. central airway) is narrowed and obstructed by the tumor, the cough becomes persistent with a high-pitched metallic sound. When the tumor in the airway tube further enlarges and affects the coughing out of sputum etc. in the lungs, lung infection can occur, and the amount of sputum increases after intense coughing, which is purulent and mucus-like. Special patients will have a large amount of mucus sputum, and some patients can have up to 2000 ml per day (a common feature of patients with alveolar cancer).

(2) Hemoptysis: Since cancerous tissues are rich in blood vessels and prone to tissue necrosis, more than 21% of patients have hemoptysis, which is mostly sputum with blood filaments or intermittent bloody sputum, sometimes only 1 or 2 times, and it is not easy to draw attention of patients. If the lesion invades large blood vessels, it may cause hemoptysis.

(3) OthersIf the tumor causes obstruction of the larger airway, the patient may experience different degrees of obstruction symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, chest pain and fever.

2. Intrathoracic spread of tumor

Such as chest pain, dyspnea, chest tightness, hoarseness and esophageal compression, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion symptoms. There are also some syndromes, such as: superior vena cava syndrome, acute or subacute dyspnea caused by intrathoracic tumor compression of the superior vena cava, face and neck swelling, examination can be seen in the neck, upper limbs and chest venous reflux obstruction, bruising, edema, respiratory distress, and further development can lead to hypoxia and increased intracranial pressure, which requires urgent treatment to alleviate the symptoms; diaphragm paralysis, due to the damage of the phrenic nerve, nerve impulse blockage and the production of one or both sides of the diaphragm paralysis rise, movement disorders; diaphragm paralysis. Diaphragmatic paralysis is caused by damage to the phrenic nerve and blockage of nerve impulses, resulting in paralytic rise of the diaphragm on one side or both sides and impaired movement. Apical lung cancer, also known as Pancost tumor, can invade the mediastinum and compress organs or tissues located in the upper thorax, such as the first rib, subclavian artery and vein, brachial plexus nerve, cervical sympathetic nerve, etc., which produces severe chest and shoulder pain, upper extremity venous angiosis, edema, arm pain and upper extremity movement disorders, as well as sympathetic syndromes, such as drooping of the upper eyelid of the same side, shrinkage of the pupil, inward depression of the eyeball, and absence of facial sweating.

3. Distant metastasis

Enlarged lymph nodes in the supraclavicular and neck regions. The presence of central nervous system symptoms, such as headache, vomiting, vertigo, diplopia, ataxia, hemiparesis and seizures, is often a manifestation of intracranial metastasis. Shoulder and back pain, lower limb weakness, bladder or bowel dysfunction should be highly suspicious for spinal cord bundle compression. In liver metastases, 28% to 33% of patients have hepatomegaly and pain. In bone metastasis, bone pain and fracture are manifested.

4. Extrapulmonary manifestations of lung cancer

Extrapulmonary manifestations of lung cancer are mostly clinical manifestations caused by certain special substances (hormones, antigens, enzymes or metabolites) produced by lung cancer cells.

What is often called "signal" is actually "symptom" in medicine, and the symptom is the patient's change caused by a series of abnormal function, metabolism and morphology in the body in the process of disease. The picture below shows a patient with hemorrhage and coughing up blood, and CT found lung cancer in the right lung:

In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer have been on the rise, and the incidence and mortality rates have steadily ranked first in the male group and second in the female group. No matter from the incidence rate, mortality rate, or the five-year survival rate, lung cancer is scary enough for people to be afraid of it, so it is especially important to detect the disease in the early stage of the disease and strive for more time for treatment in the treatment of lung cancer. Therefore, it is especially important to detect the disease at an early stage and fight for more treatment time in lung cancer treatment.

Thirty-five to seventy percent of lung cancer patients will first have the symptom of cough. The tumor affects the normal function of alveoli and bronchial tubes, so coughing occurs. This kind of cough is characterized by the feeling that there is a foreign body in the lungs but it cannot be coughed up, and the coughing sound may become metallic in tone, which is what makes the cough of lung cancer different from the other coughs.

More than thirty percent of lung cancer patients will preferentially have blood in sputum, a symptom that tends to be more characteristic.This is because the tumor invades the surrounding blood vessels, causing bleeding and expelling it from the lungs in the form of coughing up sputum. No matter what the reason is, once there is blood in the sputum, you must pay enough attention to it. Go to the respiratory department of the hospital in time for examination.

There is also a part of patients will first appear the symptom of chest pain, but this pain is usually not too obvious, mostly hidden pain, malignant nodule pulling the surrounding lung lobular septum, local pleura and so on, the pain is characterized by coughing or deep breathing, there will be aggravation of the performance. However, the pain will be aggravated when coughing or deep breathing. However, if the tumor gradually increases in size and pulls the surrounding lung structures and affects other parts of the lung, the pain will be aggravated.

Therefore, it is very important to have regular annual checkups, and even more so if you are over 40 years old, smoke more, and develop a chronic cough, change to regular low-dose CT to screen your lungs.

Most of the lung cancers have almost no symptoms in early stage, and many early lung cancer patients are found unintentionally through physical examination, chest CT or other disease checkups. Last week, a patient came to outpatient clinic for review after surgery. This patient fell down on a battery bike and was worried about rib fracture, but after taking CT, he found that his ribs were fine, but there was a 2cm nodule in his lungs, which was diagnosed as early lung cancer after surgery. He exclaimed that he was very lucky that he had a good fall, otherwise he could not have found it. This shows the importance of medical checkups and chest CT.

Sad to say, most lung cancers in their early stages send little or no signals to the body and give little or no warning, otherwise there would not be so many patients with mid to late stage lung cancer. A few people will also have some less typical symptoms.

1. Cough Cough is an extremely common symptom, and almost all respiratory diseases may cause cough, however, for people over 40 years old, if the cough recurs in 1-2 months and there is no relief after taking medicine, it is better to go to the hospital to have a chest X-ray or CT examination. Cough symptoms are more common in centralized lung cancer.

2. Blood in sputum Blood in sputum can be seen in tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, etc. Compared with hemoptysis in tuberculosis and bronchiectasis, early lung cancer has less bleeding, mixed with sputum, more sputum, less blood, or black sputum mixed with stale blood, which is usually caused by infiltration of capillaries by tumor cells.

3. Chest pain and chest tightness Patients with peripheral lung cancer may have slight chest pain or chest tightness when the tumor pulls on the pleura, which is not easy to be detected sometimes.

4. Pestle finger, also known as drumstick finger, manifests that the ends of fingers and toes are enlarged like drumsticks, and the nails are raised and curved. Pestle finger is not unique to lung cancer, but may appear in bronchiectasis, lung abscess, interstitial lung disease and arteriovenous fistula. Pestle finger appears earlier in lung cancer patients, often before the symptoms of lung cancer appear, which is an early manifestation of lung cancer. It has been reported that 20% of lung cancer patients have pestle finger in early stage, and most of them disappear after lung surgery. However, in reality, the percentage of lung cancer patients with pestle finger is not so high.

5. Unexplained wasting The wasting of patients may be common to all cancers, but not all lung cancer patients have the manifestation of wasting. If the diet is normal, but there is unexplained wasting in the recent 1-2 months, it is better to go to the hospital to do a comprehensive physical examination.

A large part of lung cancer occurs in the parenchymal part of the lung, far away from the bronchial tubes and pulmonary pleura, and these patients often have symptoms only when the tumor develops metastasis or localized compression occurs. Therefore, in order to detect lung cancer at an early stage, the focus is still to do lung cancer screening, especially for the high-risk groups of lung cancer. The high-risk groups include people who have smoked for a long time and the smoking index is more than 400, or quit smoking for less than 15 years, or who have been exposed to second-hand smoke for a long time; people who have been exposed to dust, chemical materials, and radioactive substances for a long time in their occupations; people who have a history of other tumors or a family history of lung cancer; and people who have chronic lung diseases, such as chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD), tuberculosis, pulmonary fibrosis and other diseases. It is advisable for these people to undergo annual CT scanning of the chest for lung cancer screening when they are over 40 years old.

There are two most common types of lung cancer: adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma. There will be some signs in the early stage to remind us to detect it in time! (Of course, there are also many early cases without any symptoms, and once examined, they are advanced)

commonearly manifestationWhat are some of them:

1. Occasionally find blood in sputumEvery year, we can find a dozen cases of patients who spit out a mouthful of sputum and find blood inside, and then come over to do CT to find early or middle stage lung cancer, and most of these patients have good treatment results! Of course, do not see blood sputum on the fear, more people are due to the dryness of the throat, small blood vessel brittleness increased, rupture caused by supplemental water, eat more vegetables to supplement vitamins on the good.

2. Paroxysmal dry coughComing up with a cough for no reason, without sputum, is a cough reflex induced by early cancer cells invading the airway mucosal receptors, because there is no airway inflammation, no exudation, and no sputum formation.

3. Physical examination reveals elevated tumor markersThis type of patient is sometimes accompanied by weakness. For example, the following female patient.

Because of laziness and weakness for more than ten days, he came to the hospital and asked for a tumor marker test, and the result was really problematic, NSE (neuron-specific enolase) was elevated by nearly 30 times, which is a tumor marker commonly found in patients with adenocarcinoma, and then he did a chest CT examination, which detected an early cancer of the upper lobe of the right lung, which was promptly surgically resected, and he has been cured for two years now. At that time, the chief of thoracic surgery even joked thatIt's really not a bad thing that lesbians sometimes make a fuss!

Lung adenocarcinoma is more common in female patients over the age of 40, and squamous lung cancer is more common in men who have smoked for many years, so it's not a bad thing for both of these groups to get a checkup often!

But in addition to the above two common, small cell lung cancer is often difficult to detect early, because small cell lung cancer progresses quickly and metastasizes early, like the following 65-year-old man, just because of chest pain with cough for a week:

Right lower small cell lung cancer with extensive mediastinal lymph node metastasis. It has been documented thatSmall cell lung cancer can progress to advanced stages within 60 to 90 days, and early detection is difficultThe most important thing is that small cell lung cancer is often sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The fortunate point is that small cell lung cancer is often sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and the short-term treatment results are mostly satisfactory, but its high recurrence rate is still a problem.

Of course, miracles are everywhere, and it is not uncommon to find small cell lung cancer patients who have survived for 7 or 8 years without recurrence on the basis of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is also found that small cell lung cancer is closely related to smoking and environmental pollution.Staying out of the fog and smoking less can still be beneficial

Life comes and goes, and maybe not for long. Many times the body reveals some distress signals that should be taken seriously! It is worthwhile to spend a few hundred dollars on a regular medical checkup.

I'm Howie the Diver, a family man, feel free to correct me! ☕☕☕☕☕☕☕☕

Lung cancer is a primary malignant tumor of lungs, which endangers human health and life. Understanding the early symptoms of lung cancer can help timely detection and early treatment.

Early symptoms of lung cancer:

1. Cough.There are many reasons for coughing. If there is no external stimulation, no upper respiratory tract infection, and repeated coughing of unknown cause, you need to pay attention to it, it may be a manifestation of lung cancer in early stage, and you need to consult a doctor for examination in time.

2. Blood in sputum, hemoptysis.The presence of these manifestations needs to cause vigilance whether it is an early manifestation of lung cancer. When the malignant tumor invades the blood vessels, it will cause the blood vessels to rupture, resulting in blood in sputum and hemoptysis.

3. Hypothermia.If the cancer blocks the bronchial tubes, there is usually an obstructive lobe of the lungs, with varying degrees of manifestation, ranging from mild manifestations of low-grade fever to high fever in severe cases.

4. Chest swelling and pain.Mild chest pain is present, manifesting as tightness and vague pain in the chest. The persistent presence of general distension indicates that the cancer has probably involved the pleura.

Predisposing causes of lung cancer:

1, heavy smoking, easy to lead to the formation of lung cancer.

2. Family history, where there is a history of the disease in the immediate family.

3, exposure to pollution, such as working in radioactive pollution, exposure to chemical, physical, etc., easy to cause cell damage, long-term in this environment, people need regular medical examination.

It's a cliché.

Many early stage lung cancers have no symptoms, and all the vast majority of early stage lung cancers are actually detected by physical examination. Based on the above facts, it is unrealistic to hope that lung cancer can be detected by symptoms.

As it stands, only a small percentage of patients can develop symptoms in the early stages: coughing remains one of the most likely main symptoms of early lung cancer.

Since central lung cancer grows near the main airway, some patients will have bronchial irritation symptoms in the early stage, which induces coughing, which is irritating dry cough, or accompanied by a small amount of sputum, or sputum with blood in it. Therefore, those who have unexplained cough that lasts for a long time should pay attention to doing chest examination. And if there is hoarseness, shortness of breath or even swelling of the head and face, it is basically an advanced stage.

Peripheral lung cancer, basically, will not have any symptoms in the early stage, because it is far away from the trachea and main bronchus, so, this part of the patients will not have any lung symptoms, and most of the time when they consult the doctor, it is only with the appearance of metastasis that they are finally determined to be metastasis of lung cancer, and by then, they are already patients with advanced stage.

Therefore, early screening for lung cancer is very important, requiring people over 50 years of age with a long history of smoking, or those with a history of other dangerous exposures, to have a low-dose spiral CT examination once a year. In addition, patients with a family history of lung cancer in their immediate family are included in the scope of the high-risk group and are required to undergo regular physical examination and screening.

Strictly speaking, early lung cancer has no specific symptoms. The vast majority of lung cancers are detected during a physical examination or when imaging tests such as chest ct are performed for other reasons. From this point of view, it also means that it is very important to have a normal physical examination and imaging examination of the lungs. This is especially true for certain specific high-risk groups, such as smokers, older people, people with a family history of tumors or lung cancer, and people with previous lung disease.

For these particular high-risk groups, we place special emphasis on performing annual chest ct's. This way more early lung cancers will be detected.

The symptoms of lung cancer are all caused by tumor compression or tumor metastasis. For example, if the tumor compresses the lungs or the trachea and bronchial tubes, it will lead to coughing, coughing up sputum or even hemoptysis. There are some tumors that block the trachea or bronchus, causing obstructive inflammation at the distal end, and the patient will have fever and other inflammatory manifestations.

When a tumor compresses important structures such as blood vessels and the heart, it can cause obstacles to blood flow. For example, compression of the superior vena cava can lead to superior vena cava syndrome, and upper extremities such as the face and face can become edematous.

Overall, the earliest stage of lung cancer rarely has specific clinical manifestations. Once there are clinical manifestations in the lungs it is all the more important to pay attention to them and have them examined in a timely manner.

To learn more about thoracic surgery, please follow my headline [Dr. Joe VIP, Thoracic Surgery].

Lung cancer, among all neoplastic diseases, has the highest morbidity and mortality rate. Why do so many people suffer from lung cancer? Because there are more than 400 million smokers in China! If there was no such thing as smoking, lung cancer would be a rare disease!
So what are the early signs of lung cancer that will signal you in advance?

Unfortunately, most lung cancer patients don't show anything typical in the early stages. Let's talk about two recent cases of lung cancer patients. One is a diagnosed lung cancer patient, 64 years old, received more than 20 times of radiotherapy, nearly 10 times of chemotherapy, and finally the white blood cells almost down to 0, almost loss of immune function, in addition to the lung cancer as the primary disease, and interstitial pneumonitis, lungs have a combination of fungal and bacterial infections, patients with severe respiratory failure, suffocated to death, and finally in the state of the ventilator and sedative drugs to end his life.

The other was a 61 year old, fit and healthy, no hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, etc., who presented with hemoptysis, and after I gave him a chest CT, another long sigh (films below)... And both of these geezers had a history of heavy smoking!

There are some less typical symptoms, such as irritating dry cough, shortness of breath or wheezing, which may be manifestations of early lung cancer, but these atypical symptoms can hardly play a valuable role in early lung cancer diagnosis. And the current status is that about 86% of patients die within 5 years after the diagnosis of lung cancer!

Therefore, it is best to be able to quit smoking, and if you don't want to quit, then for heavy smokers (more than 5 cigarettes a day) over the age of 40, an annual low-dose CT screening is the only way to be able to detect it early. For non-smokers, it is necessary to refuse second-hand smoke, take protective measures against the haze, and install a better hood (the smoke from cooking should not be underestimated)!

Dr. Zhang online - medical science that is accessible to the common people - welcome to follow and comment!

I'm Dr. Shadow, an imaging physician. Lung cancer can have no symptoms in the early stage, or it can have symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, cough and hemoptysis. If these symptoms can appear in the early stage, and the patient goes to the doctor and finds out the early lung cancer, this is relatively considered lucky. Because the treatment effect of early cancer is very good, 80% can be cured. Most people have no symptoms in the early stage, and when they have symptoms and go to the doctor, unfortunately, it is already in the late stage.

Clinical Case Sharing

I wrote about two CT films for lung cancer today.

1. Chest pain for a day, early stage of lung cancer

A 45 year old, male, presented with chest pain for 1 day. One day of chest pain may seem like a short period of time, but a CT was done and the mass was already 3cm long, at least 3 months long, the

This mass grows closer to the pleura and gets bigger and bigger, pulling on the local pleura and causing painful symptoms, so it manifests as chest pain. If it grows a little inside and does not pull on the pleura, then there may not be any symptoms. It is expected to come to the clinic much later. So the site of growth of a lesion also determines the symptoms that appear, and the staging of the diagnosis. If the symptoms appear early, you are more fortunate to catch it earlier.

How do imaging doctors diagnose lung cancer, look at the morphology of this lesion, you can see that it is very irregularly long at the edge, long on this side, short on that side, like an octopus. There is a word in medicine to describe malignant lesions, called crabsfoot-like, that is, the growth is very irregular, infiltrative growth to the periphery. Malignant tumors, fast growing, every place is scrambling for growth, so the growth rate is very inconsistent, it is manifested in irregular shape.

He is still considered lucky, no metastases from other sites have been found for the time being. After surgical removal, cure is more likely.

2. hemoptysis for one day, advanced lung cancer

This is a patient who came to the emergency room just after 6 p.m. He is a 51-year-old male. Hemoptysis is a one-day visit. Hemoptysis is coughing up blood instead of phlegm. Coughing up blood, no matter what, it's time to see the doctor. Chest X-ray was done and found that the upper lobe of the right lung was occupied. Chest X-ray could not see clearly, only a shadow could be seen, then CT was done.

CT revealed a mass in the upper lobe of the right lung with ill-defined borders, encroaching on the bronchus, and the upper lobe bronchus was occluded with obstructive pneumonia. There was accumulation of blood in the alveoli. There is also a metastatic lesion in the left adrenal gland. Lung cancer can easily metastasize to the adrenal gland through the bloodstream, and unfortunately, this patient has metastasized.

Why do you hematemesis? Cancer has a rich blood supply and bleeds easily when it grows, no matter what part of the cancer. Bowel cancer is the same, so there will be bloody stool.

Two patients of about the same age, one with chest pain and the other with hemoptysis came to the clinic, both with one day's onset, but with different prognoses and treatments. Both are growing cancer, growing at different sites, presenting with different symptoms, and both are staged differently when they are found. Some people find early stage cancer because they get bumped down for a checkup, but in essence they are blessed by the disaster.

Early lung cancer can be completely screened for, and the current tool is low-dose chest CT physical examination. It is recommended that those >40 years of age, with a history of smoking and a family history of lung cancer can have an annual chest CT physical examination.

In modern society, more and more people are suffering from respiratory diseases due to the harm of environmental pollution, smoking and occupational factors, and the most dreadful among them is lung cancer. According to the statistics of National Cancer Center, the incidence rate of lung cancer ranks the first among male malignant tumors in the country, and takes the second place among females, and there are roughly 781,000 new incidence populations every year, such a huge data warns us that we have to pay more attention to lung cancer and prevent it from occurring.

Most of the lung cancers do not have specific symptoms in the early stage, and when obvious symptoms appear, most of them are already in the advanced stage, missing the best period of surgical treatment, so how to prevent it in the early stage is especially important. So it is very important to prevent it at an early stage. Here we are going to know what are the symptoms of lung cancer at an early stage? What are the symptoms that suggest we should seek medical treatment as soon as possible?

1) Cough The first symptom of lung cancer is usually cough. When some patients who have no history of chronic cough have chronic cough that has not been cured, or some patients who have a history of cough but this time the onset of the disease is different from the previous nature, and there is paroxysmal dry cough with white foamy or purulent sputum, etc., it is necessary to go to the hospital as soon as possible to standardize the diagnosis and treatment.

2) Coughing up blood or bloody sputum If a patient develops repeated small amounts of bloody sputum and occasional hemoptysis, they should be particularly vigilant, especially if they are over 40 years of age.

(3) Shortness of breath Although there is no tumor compression in early lung cancer patients, patients may also show shortness of breath and weakness after activities.

4) Chest pain Some patients experience occasional chest constriction in the early stages, but are not able to provide a detailed description of the nature of the pain or the exact location of the pain.

(5) Weight loss Some patients have significant weight loss without any obvious cause, especially when these patients are the high incidence group of lung cancer, which also reminds us to consider in this aspect.

Therefore, when the above symptoms appear, it is necessary to carry out formal treatment in a timely and effective manner, early detection and early treatment, the later recovery will be better. Especially for people who smoke a lot and are exposed to polluted environment for a long time, it is better to have regular chest CT checkups so as to prevent the disease from occurring in the first place.

Answer: Yan Jiaojiao, Master of Medicine

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