Although both fasting and postprandial glucose are helpful in the diagnosis of diabetes, it is generally recommended that fasting glucose be lowered first and then postprandial glucose be adjusted in the course of treatment. And there are most patients who are poorly controlled after meals only, which requires us to improve the control of postprandial blood glucose.

The regulation of postprandial blood glucose is significantly influenced by diet. Changes in food energy intake at each meal can cause changes in postprandial blood glucose, therefore, to control postprandial blood glucose, the first step is to control the energy intake of each meal. Diabetic patients daily energy intake requirements, however, in the case of a certain amount of total energy, according to their own physical labor, a reasonable distribution of energy ratios of the three meals, generally 1/5, 2/5, 2/5 way to distribute, not to make the energy ratio of a particular meal more than half of the total energy.

The food in each meal should be reasonably matched and eaten in the right order. Under a certain level of energy, the glycemic index of food has a more obvious effect on postprandial blood glucose, so the intake of high glycemic index food should be controlled in moderation. In general, we recommend cereals as the main food, and the speed of meals should not be too fast, and the order of meals should be soup first, then vegetables, and finally the main food, which can reduce the magnitude of postprandial glucose elevation, and is conducive to lowering the postprandial blood glucose.

The consumption of fruits should be chosen at a good time. Generally speaking, under the premise of good blood sugar control, you can consume some fruits in moderation, but the time to consume them is usually chosen between 2 and 3 hours after meals, when blood sugar basically drops below the baseline, and eating fruits in moderation will not cause the blood sugar value to rise too much.

Exercise should be careful to choose the time and intensity. Exercise therapy is an effective way to reduce postprandial blood glucose, and active exercise can consume some of the energy in time to reduce the risk of hyperglycemia. Because the blood sugar elevation curve of diabetic patients is different from normal people, the peak of blood sugar of diabetic patients is about 1 hour after meal, therefore, the time choice of exercise should also be about 1 hour after meal, so as to better regulate blood sugar. At the same time, because diabetic patients' blood glucose falls faster than normal people, so the exercise time and intensity is not recommended to be too large, so as to avoid hypoglycemia, it is recommended that daily moderate-intensity aerobic exercise 5 to 7 times, each time about 30 minutes, the longest not more than 60 minutes.

At the same time, α-glucosidase inhibitors, gliclazides can effectively reduce postprandial blood glucose levels, for postprandial blood glucose regulation, you can prioritize the use of these drugs. Short half-life sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, short-acting GLP-1 agonists, and short-acting or fast-acting insulin also have the effect of lowering postprandial glucose, and can be used according to one's own situation.

Postprandial glucose regulation is an important part of diabetes treatment and in reducing diabetic complications. In life, it is not only important to control fasting blood glucose, but also the stabilization of postprandial glucose is also an area of attention for diabetics.

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Diabetic patients with high postprandial blood sugar reaches 85% of the population, largely related to the usual dining habits, if you have the following 4 kinds of bad eating habits, correct it, will make your blood sugar smoother.

1. Dietary irregularities

Many people do not have a strict standard on the amount of food they eat, usually based on the deliciousness of the meal to decide how much to eat, which will happen without a few bites or eat the situation. If it is a normal person, the pancreatic B-cell function is normal, may even affect little. While diabetics who eat too much or too little will make their blood sugar fluctuate after meals.

It is appropriate for diabetics to stop eating when they are 7-8 minutes full. That is, you feel like you are going to be full, but you are not quite there yet.

2. Excessive consumption of roughage

Many people have heard that coarse grains contain dietary fiber, which can satiate the stomach and also delay postprandial blood sugar, and it is recommended that diabetic patients eat more coarse grains. Therefore, some patients have no restraint when eating coarse grains, and sometimes eating too much will make the postprandial blood sugar rise.

Roughage is also food and needs to be strictly controlled in terms of quantity. You should not eat more than four taels of coarse grains per day to achieve the best results.

3. Excessive consumption of starchy vegetables

Some vegetables contain a high amount of starch, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, green beans, corn, chestnuts, but because it is a vegetable is often easy to ignore, unlike rice, flour staple food intuition. Sometimes you will find that you don't eat too much staple food and meat, but your blood sugar will rise after meals, so you may have eaten too many vegetables with high starch content.

Be sure to eat starchy vegetables in small portions while reducing the amount of staple foods you eat.

4. Eat fruits even if your blood sugar is unstable

Most fruits contain sugar, and if you choose to eat fruits with a high glycemic index after a meal, such as, watermelon, jujubes, and pineapple, then it will have an impact on your postprandial blood sugar.

After meals, you can eat some low glycemic index foods in moderation, such as: cucumbers, persimmons, apples, grapefruit, strawberries to ensure that the blood glucose stabilization after meals.

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In China's type 2 diabetes patients, the proportion of patients with elevated postprandial blood glucose is high, and controlling postprandial blood glucose is very beneficial to the long-term control of glycated hemoglobin. How can we stabilize postprandial blood glucose has also become a greater concern for diabetic patients.

First, there is lifestyle intervention. The structure of the daily diet affects the level of postprandial blood glucose. Diets that are high in sugar will cause an increase in postprandial blood glucose, as well as an increase in glycated hemoglobin of 0.5-0.7%. Therefore, for diabetic patients, a low glycemic diet is very effective in controlling postprandial blood glucose. Exercise therapy after meals also lowers postprandial blood glucose in diabetic patients, while having little effect on fasting blood glucose. Regular daily aerobic exercise is not only beneficial for postprandial glucose control, but also for weight, lipid levels and blood pressure. We recommend that daily exercise be done 30 minutes after a meal, and that the time spent exercising each day be kept even.

Secondly, there is the treatment of drugs. Each type of hypoglycemic drug has its own characteristics, some are more effective in maintaining basal blood glucose, while others have a significant effect on postprandial blood glucose. Sulfonylureas, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, glinides, short-acting insulin and rapid-acting insulin analogs, as well as newer glucose-lowering drugs in recent years, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and short-acting GLP-1 agonists, are all effective in lowering postprandial blood glucose.

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose, voglibose) are all taken at the same time as the first meal, and have an obvious effect on postprandial glycemic control for Chinese people, who mainly eat rice and pasta; whereas drugs such as glargine (repaglinide, nateglinide), sulfonylureas, and short-acting or rapid-acting insulin, although also useful for postprandial glycemic control, should be aware of the risk of hypoglycemia, especially when combined with exercise. It is important to monitor blood glucose before and after exercise to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia.

To summarize, the control of postprandial blood glucose mainly includes the correct diet structure, together with appropriate aerobic exercise after meals, and effective medication.

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Postprandial blood sugar is mainly also to control the food of the meal, the choice to ensure that low-salt, low-sugar and low-fat, and the order of the meal also need to be the main.

A new study from Weill Cornell Medical College in the United States suggests that sugar lovers should save staple foods such as rice and noodles for last during meals, which is more conducive to controlling blood sugar. If the main food is eaten last, postprandial blood glucose levels are about 50 percent lower than when the main food is eaten first, and 40 percent lower than when all the food is mixed together.

So the first thing to do is to choose the right food, whether high blood sugar or diabetes or ordinary people, cooking ingredients, should follow the principle of less oil, less salt, less sugar, less starch, avoid frying and stir-frying.

The second thing is to pay attention to the order in which you eat

Step 1: Have soup before your meal

Part 2: Eat Vegetables, Fish and Meat

Eating vegetables first can increase the feeling of fullness in the stomach and reduce the intake of main food, and eating more vegetables can increase the peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract and promote digestion.

Part 3: Eating the Main Meal Last

Staple food should eat more food rich in dietary fiber, such as millet, oats, etc., these coarse grains in the stomach digested for a long time, so the glycemic index is lower, the impact on blood glucose is also slower, can effectively inhibit the sugar friends postprandial glucose rise.