Many people are worried about the serious consequences of high cholesterol and do everything they can to lower it. But many people don't realize that a lack of cholesterol can be just as life-threatening.

The role of cholesterol

Cholesterol is not a "bad guy", it is an essential component of our bodies and our lives.

• 1, constitute one of the important components of the cell membrane

The cell membrane surrounds the outside of every cell in the body and cholesterol is its basic component. If there is a lack of cholesterol, the brittleness of cells increases, easily causing cell rupture. Therefore, it is conceivable that without cholesterol, cells would not be able to maintain normal physiological functions, and cells are the basic unit of the human body, without which life would end.

• 2、Formation of bile acids

Cholesterol can be converted to bile acids in the liver and then stored in the gallbladder. After eating, bile acids can be released into the small intestine to participate in fat digestion. Bile acids convert large particles of fat into small particles of fat, which is the first step in fat digestion, and small particles of fat are more easily broken down by lipase in the small intestine.

• 3. Synthetic hormones

A variety of hormones in the human body are synthesized from cholesterol. Cholesterol is metabolized in the body and converted to progesterone, which in turn synthesizes corticosteroids, progesterone, androgens, estrogens, and so on.

If cholesterol levels are too low, there is a decrease in corticosteroid synthesis, which can lead to reduced stress capacity and decreased immunity.

Decreased synthesis of sex hormones will affect sexual function and reproductive ability. Some girls go on diets to lose weight and end up with irregular menstruation or even amenorrhea, and the decrease in cholesterol leading to lower sex hormones is one of the main reasons.

Some girls who have been vegetarians for a long time and could not get pregnant for a long time after they got married, got pregnant after going non-vegetarian, now we know why.

• 4. Synthesizing vitamin D

The 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin, when exposed to UV light, is converted to vitamin D. Vitamin D promotes the absorption of calcium as well as the normal deposition of calcium in the bones. Calcium supplements without vitamin D are ineffective. While not much vitamin D is obtained from food, sun exposure is the most important source, but only if there is sufficient 7-dehydrocholesterol in the body.

The dangers of high cholesterol

Everything in moderation is too much of a good thing. While cholesterol is important for life, too much of it can be detrimental to your health.

High cholesterol is closely related to the occurrence of atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis, which in turn increases the probability of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke and heart attack, and this is a major concern for many people, especially the elderly.

Bile contains cholesterol, and when it becomes oversaturated, crystals form, which are the main component of gallstones.

Causes of high cholesterol

The main causes of high cholesterol are: excessive intake and abnormal metabolism.

• 1. Excessive intake

There are two sources of cholesterol in the body, one is self-synthesized by the body and the other is ingested from food.

The body needs to renew 1-1.2g of cholesterol per day, of which, about 80% is synthesized by the body itself and only 20% needs to be supplemented from food.

If the intake of cholesterol from food increases, the body's self-synthesis will decrease accordingly to maintain a balanced level.

Although cholesterol is mainly synthesized by the body, sensible control of cholesterol in the diet is still an important way to maintain cholesterol levels in the body.

The daily intake of cholesterol from food for each person is about 200mg, which is enough to meet the body's needs. The absorption rate of cholesterol is only about 30%, which decreases as the cholesterol content in food increases.

200mg of cholesterol is equivalent to the amount of cholesterol in 1 egg, or the amount of cholesterol absorbed from 3-4 eggs.

With reference to the recommended fat intake for different groups of people in different countries and in light of the actual dietary structure in China, the Chinese Nutrition Society advocates thatAdults should consume no more than 300mg of cholesterol per person per day.

• 2. Metabolic abnormalities

Even though cholesterol intake is not high, some people still experience high cholesterol because there is something wrong with the metabolism of cholesterol in the body.

For example, the liver converts cholesterol into bile acids, and if there is a problem with liver function, the conversion of cholesterol is reduced, which can lead to increased blood cholesterol levels.

The conversion of cholesterol to bile acids must also undergo hydroxylation, and vitamin C affects this hydroxylation process. In vitamin C deficiency, the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids is reduced, resulting in the accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and an increase in blood cholesterol concentration.

The conversion of cholesterol is also closely related to a variety of nutrients, such as linoleic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, copper, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, etc., which all have an effect on cholesterol metabolism. A deficiency of these nutrients may likewise cause elevated cholesterol.

How to control your cholesterol

Dietary control remains the primary method.

• 1. Know the cholesterol content of food

Cholesterol is found almost exclusively in animal foods, and is generally higher in animal meat than in poultry meat; cholesterol levels in animal meat are broadly similar, higher in fatty meat than in lean meat, higher in offal than in fatty meat, and highest in brain; cholesterol in fish in general is similar to that in lean meat; shellfish and mollusks are higher than fish in general; and egg yolks, fish roe, and animal offal have the highest cholesterol levels.

Foods can be categorized as high, medium or low depending on their cholesterol content.

(1) Low-cholesterol foods: foods containing less than 100mg of cholesterol per 100g of food.

For example: lean pork, lean beef, lean lamb, grass carp, sea bass, pomfret, striped bass, duck, etc.

(2) Medium cholesterol foods: Foods containing 100-200mg of cholesterol per 100g of food.

For example: chicken, fatty pork, fatty beef, fatty lamb, sea crabs, crucian carp, shrimp, and so on.

(3) High cholesterol foods: Foods containing more than 200mg of cholesterol per 100g of food.

For example: pig liver, beef liver, sheep liver, butter, dried scallops, shrimp skin, eggs, loose eggs, crab roe, pig brain, etc.

Foods with high cholesterol should be consumed less frequently, e.g. no more than once a week and not too much at a time; foods with medium cholesterol can be consumed 2-3 times a week; and foods with low cholesterol can be consumed relatively more often.

• 2. Eat more plant foods

Plant foods are basically cholesterol-free and contain plant sterols that are structurally similar to cholesterol. Plant sterols do not contribute to atherosclerosis and, in the intestinal mucosa, plant sterols can compete with cholesterol for absorption, but instead inhibit the absorption of cholesterol.

Vegetables and fruits are also rich in vitamin C. Adequate vitamin C ensures the conversion of cholesterol, thus maintaining cholesterol levels.

• 3、Ensure dietary fiber intake

Cholesterol is converted to bile acids, which are stored in the gallbladder and then released into the small intestine to participate in digestion. At the end of the small intestine, 85%-95% of the bile acids are reabsorbed into the bloodstream and the liver reabsorbs the bile acids in a continuous cycle. The 5-15% of bile acids are excreted in the feces, and the liver needs to produce new bile acids to make up for this loss, which consumes cholesterol.

Dietary fiber has the effect of binding cholesterol and bile acids, so that more bile acids are excreted, rather than being "recycled", so that the liver has to use more cholesterol to synthesize bile acids to make up for the loss of bile acids.

Crude grains, vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms are rich in dietary fiber.

• 4. Eat more soybeans and soy products

Soybeans are not only rich in dietary fiber and linoleic acid, but also in isoflavones, a natural plant active substance. Soy isoflavones can remove more cholesterol out of the body.

Soybeans and black beans are all soybeans, and soy milk, tofu, soybean skins, and bean sprouts are all soybean products.

• 5. Can I still eat eggs?

It is true that cholesterol in egg yolks is high, but egg yolks also contain lecithin, which is good for the liver and regulates the level of cholesterol in the body. Therefore, egg yolk is not a forbidden food for people with high cholesterol, as long as it is not consumed in excess, there is no need to worry.

A similar situation can be found with other foods. Animal foods are high in cholesterol, but they are also an important food source of nutrients such as calcium, iron, and vitamin B2, which are beneficial for balancing cholesterol, so a reasonable mix of all types of food is best, rather than just eating more or less.

Eat like this for high cholesterol

The metabolism of cholesterol is related to a variety of nutrients, and the nutrients contained in food are different, so you can not simply divide them. Therefore, in your daily diet, you do not need to be too obsessed with how to eat, as long as you observe the following principles:

The ratio of coarseness to fineness is 3:7; if high cholesterol is already present, the ratio of coarseness to fineness can be adjusted to 4:6 or 5:5.

The meat/vegetable ratio is 3:7, which can be adjusted to 2:8 if high cholesterol is already present.

Eat only 7 minutes of each meal, 40% for breakfast and 40% for lunch, and only 20% for dinner.

Must have one soybean or soy product per day; at least one mushroom, including wood ear, flat mushroom, matsutake mushroom, hazelnut mushroom, portobello mushroom, enoki mushroom, kelp, and wakame.

Cooking methods are mainly steaming, boiling and stewing, less oil is used in stir-frying, and the less frying, deep-frying, broiling and grilling, the better.

What else do I need to watch out for with high cholesterol?

The main site of cholesterol metabolism is in the liver, so how well the liver functions directly affects cholesterol levels.

• 1, less stay up late

Staying up late hurts the liver, especially in the middle of the night 1:00-3:00, is the most vigorous liver function, if this time do not sleep, liver metabolism is affected.

There is a kind of obesity, called "overworked fat", the more tired, the later you sleep, the more likely to be fat. Because the middle of the night does not sleep, will affect the liver on the metabolism of fat and cholesterol, so the more tired but the more fat.

• 2. Emotional regulation

The liver is the master of emotions, and all changes in emotions are related to the liver. Modern people live a fast-paced life, learning, work, life is very stressful, invariably has increased the burden on the liver, if the emotional management is not good, the impact on the liver is even greater.

• 3. Stay away from tobacco and alcohol

The liver is a detoxification organ, the toxins in tobacco and the ethanol in alcohol need to be metabolized in the liver. There is only one liver, and with so much work to do, where is it busy enough to do this and neglect that.

concluding remarks

Cholesterol is an essential component of the body, and too much or too little can be harmful to your health.

The main causes of high cholesterol are excessive intake and abnormal metabolism.

Controlling the amount of cholesterol in your diet is only one aspect, it is also important to protect your liver and ensure your body's ability to metabolize it properly.

As long as you follow the ratio of crude to fine 3:7, meat to vegetarian 3:7, 7 minutes of fullness per meal, ensure a soybean or soybean products, a mushroom every day, and cooking methods of steaming, boiling and stewing, you can basically control the cholesterol within a reasonable range.

Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. People with increased cholesterol should adopt a low cholesterol diet program, but there is a lack of concept on how to eat or which foods contain how much cholesterol. The general medical books are also less concerned about the cholesterol content of food. How to master a low cholesterol diet is what hypercholesterolemic or hypercholesterolemic patients want to know.

1、How much cholesterol is appropriate to eat every day?

The standard for a low cholesterol diet is that cholesterol intake should be less than 250-300 milligrams per day, and some people with hypercholesterolemia should limit their cholesterol intake to less than 150-200 milligrams per day.

2、How high is cholesterol considered elevated?

This chart clearly expresses what is the ideal lipid, what is the appropriate level, what is borderline elevated, and what is elevated, very clearly, so you can put yourself in the right place.

III. Cholesterol content of various common foods?

The cholesterol content (in milligrams) of each of the following foods, extrapolated from 100 grams of edible portion:

1. Cereals, potatoes, beans, vegetables, mushrooms, algae, fruits, nuts and seeds do not contain cholesterol.

2. Meat:

a. Pigs: fat pork 109, lean pork 81, pork head 304, pig intestines 137, pig's hooves 192, pig's belly 165, pig's liver 288, pig's lungs 290, pig's brain 2571, pig's spleen 461, pig's tongue 158, pig's kidneys 354, pig's heart 151, pig's small intestines 183, pork rong 111;

b. Cattle: beef 58, large intestine 183, heart 115, lungs 306, liver 297, brain 2447, tongue 92, kidneys 295;

c. Sheep: fat 92, lean 60, large intestine 150, belly 124, lungs 319, liver 349, brain 2004, tongue 148, kidneys 289, heart 104;

d. Other animals: Chicken 106, Roast Chicken 99, KFC 198; Duck 94; Goose 74; Pigeon 99; Dog 62,; Rabbit 59.

3. Milk: fresh milk 15; fresh goat's milk 31; whole milk powder 110; fruit yogurt 15; cream 209;

4. Eggs: Eggs 585, duck eggs 565, goose eggs 704;

5. Fish and shrimp: grass carp 86, eel 126, carp 84, silver carp 99, crucian carp 130, scallop 176, sardine 86, Spanish mackerel 130, prawns 193, prawns 117, river prawns 240, kiwi shrimp 181, hairy crabs 267, squid 268, prawns 428, abalone 242, fresh shellfish 116;

When we all read this over, we can see at a glance which foods have how much cholesterol when compared to our daily diet, and it is no longer difficult to achieve a low cholesterol diet.

For more health information, please follow Dr. Zhang Zhiying

Hello, I'm Dr. Wei, a neurologist. Cholesterol is often considered synonymous with disease, but it is also a necessary substance for the body. The body uses cholesterol to synthesize hormones and vitamin D. The liver stores cholesterol for energy, but it needs to be kept within certain limits. Cholesterol is widely found in foods such as meat, dairy products, poultry and cooking oils, and cholesterol levels may rise if too much of these foods are consumed.

The number of people with dyslipidemia in China is 200 million. Elevated cholesterol, over time, induces heart disease, stroke and other vascular diseases. What can we do to lower cholesterol?

First of all, let's understand what are lipids?

The commonly used lipids are generally categorized into four types:

• Triglycerides (TG):It is a common fat, the main component of animal oily fats and vegetable fats, which can be ingested through the daily diet, and it serves as a transporter of energy and fat from food during metabolism. In the small intestine, triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids by lipase and bile and then enter the blood vessels, where they are reorganized within the bloodstream to form the components of lipoproteins, so triglycerides are markedly elevated, and LDL is also elevated.Normal reference value for triglycerides: 0.45-1.70 mmol/L.
• High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C):It's a "good" cholesterol, a type of lipoprotein.It is a macromolecular complex composed of proteins and lipids. It works by consuming LDL and transporting triglycerides from body tissues (including blood vessels) to the liver for storage. About 30% of the cholesterol in the blood is transported via HDL, which inhibits atherosclerosis.HDL-CNormal reference value: 1.16~1.55mmol/L。
• Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C):It is a kind of "good" cholesterol, which is also a kind of lipoprotein. The function of LDL is to transport triglycerides to the inner wall of the arteries for deposition, forming atherosclerotic plaques and inducing blood vessel blockage.LDL-C normal reference value:<3.12mmol/L.
• Total Cholesterol (TG):Includes HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and overall 20% triglyceride levels.Normal reference value for total cholesterol: <5.72 mmol/L.

HDL cholesterol can be appropriately high in blood lipids, and the other three lipids should be lower for good.

Are those people prone to hyperlipidemia?

Expert tip: People at risk for hyperlipidemia include:

• Menopausal women; men over 40 years of age.
• People with high fat dietary intake, such as fried foods, creamy foods.
• Family history of high cholesterol, such as a family history of xanthogranuloma.
• Patients with certain diseases, such as hypothyroidism and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, are prone to comorbid hyperlipidemia because patients with hypothyroidism are at a low metabolic level. Diabetic patients with unstable glycemic control have more stringent lipid requirements. This is because high blood glucose can lead to the formation of thrombophilia.
• People with unhealthy lifestyles: e.g., smoking, alcohol abuse, sedentary lifestyle, little exercise, etc.
• Obese people: should check their blood sugar and blood lipids once a year.

The diet increases most of the triglycerides and a small portion of the LDL cholesterol in the blood, and these come directly from refined carbohydrates, trans fats, and saturated fats in the diet.

How can I improve my lipid levels through diet?

Here are 15 ways we can lower our blood lipid levels:

I. Reducing red meat intake

• It is important to reduce red meat (such as beef, pork, sausages and bacon) to a minimum, for example once a week or less. The reason for this is that these meats contain more cholesterol and saturated fat than other foods.
• In contrast, poultry, fish, beans, vegetables and fruits are healthy food sources.

II. Reducing trans fat intake

• The need to reduce trans fat intake is important because trans fats increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
• There is a big difference between natural trans fats and artificial trans fats. Natural trans fats have been part of the human diet for thousands of years, such as milk fat, beef and lamb fat. Dairy products contain 2 to 5% natural trans fats and beef and lamb contain 3 to 9% natural trans fats. Studies have shown that the body is able to process these natural trans fats and that natural trans fats do not pose a high risk of inducing heart disease and stroke, but because beef and lamb are red meats that are also rich in cholesterol and saturated fats, they also need to be controlled in terms of intake.
• The man-made trans fats in vegetable oils are the opposite and are very harmful to human blood vessels, so candies, cream cakes, sweet cakes and other foods containing hydrogenated oils (rich in man-made trans fats) should be avoided. It is recommended to consume olive oil or coconut oil and avoid animal oils such as butter and lard to avoid excessive intake of man-made trans fats and saturated fats, which contain oxygen free radicals that oxidize LDL cholesterol and accelerate atherosclerosis, which induces heart disease and stroke.

Third, eat less food rich in sugar and starch

• Eat fewer foods rich in sugar and starch, as this can raise levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, which can also contribute to atherosclerosis.
• Starch-rich foods are broken down into sugar by pancreatic enzymes and enter the circulation, causing the pancreas to increase insulin production and lower blood sugar, and also depleting short-term stores of glycogen in muscle and liver tissue, at which point the liver processes the remaining sugar for energy, which is then converted to triglycerides and LDL cholesterol.
• Unfortunately, when LDL cholesterol is elevated without adequate levels of HDL cholesterol to suppress the effects of LDL, there is an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
• A diet high in refined carbohydrates (rice, buns, pasta) increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. Therefore, it is important to reduce these sugars and starchy foods from our food intake.
• It is recommended to increase soluble fiber intake by eating more vegetables, oats and oat bran, lentils, fruits and beans.Why does this lower LDL cholesterol? Because the liver eliminates excess cholesterol by binding cholesterol to bile salts and excreting them into the small intestine, but eventually the small intestine reabsorbs these bile salts and then translocates them to the liver in what is called the liver-gut pathway of bile salts. Intake of soluble fiber binds these bile salts, preventing reabsorption in the liver-gut pathway and safely eliminating cholesterol from the intestines.

IV. Increasing intake of phytosterols and fiber supplements

• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) believes that phytosterols have the ability to lower total blood cholesterol, LDL cholesterol levels, and have little effect on triglycerides, which can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke.
• If consumed in sufficient amounts (2.4 grams of sterols per day), there are other fiber supplements such asPomegranate, soy protein, cereals, garlic and pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), which is beneficial in preventing heart disease and stroke.

V. Whey protein supplementation

Milk contains two major proteins, whey and casein. Only whey protein binds to total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, thereby lowering levels of both. When buying milk, look carefully at the package insert for the amount of whey protein.

VI. Increasing intake of Omege-3 fatty acids

• Omege-3 fatty acids are healthy fats that are naturally found in deep-sea fish, fish oils and nuts, they increase the level of HDL cholesterol in the blood, which binds bad LDL cholesterol and depletes it.
• It is recommended to eat more deep sea fish, walnuts, almonds and pine nuts. It is also appropriate to take deep sea fish oil supplements, which are pure fish oils that do not contain mercury and other heavy metals.

Seven, eat more food containing anthocyanin

• In a 24-week study of diabetics, HDL cholesterol levels rose by 19 percent when anthocyanin-rich foods were consumed.
• Anthocyanin-rich foods include eggplant, corn, cabbage, blueberries and blackberries.

VIII. Regular exercise

• A healthy diet should be combined with exercise to achieve a lower risk of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and high blood cholesterol. Consistent exercise increases blood circulation, maintains a healthy body weight, and raises HDL cholesterol levels.
• It is recommended to exercise exercise at least 150 minutes per week, about 30 minutes each time, with aerobic exercise, such as jogging, brisk walking, playing badminton, cycling and so on.

IX. Taking Coenzyme Q10 supplements

• Coenzyme Q10 isA fat-soluble antioxidant that activates the body's cells and cellular energy nutrients, has the ability to boost the body's immune system, and prevents the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, which accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis.
• What is cholesterol oxidation? Cholesterol oxidation produces metabolites (destructive molecules) that can damage the endothelium of blood vessels, predisposing them to atherosclerosis, and can also cause damage to DNA.Culprits of cholesterol oxidation are fried foods, margarine, commercial baked goods and smoking.
• Adults over the age of 60 are recommended to need 50 mg per day, and young people need 20 mg of Coenzyme Q10 per day。

X. Calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation

• A study found that calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation in postmenopausal women who were overweight or obese lowered cholesterol levels.
• Calcium and vitamin D3 are also necessary for seniors to fight osteoporosis.

XI. Supplementation of polyphenols

• Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols found in foods such as vegetables, fruits, tea, coffee, chocolate and wine.
• Several studies have shown that the intake of polyphenols improves the hardening of the arterial lining (endothelial function), leading to a reduction in blood pressure, and also reduces the risk of death from heart disease and stroke attacks.
• Red wine contains resveratrol, also a polyphenol, which prevents the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, and it is beneficial to take about 200 mg of resveratrol daily.
• The Mediterranean diet is recommended so that you get enough polyphenols.

XII. Niacin supplementation (vitamin B3)

• Studies have shown that long-term daily doses of 20 milligrams or more of niacin can raise HDL cholesterol levels by 20 to 30 percent.
• Niacin turns small particles of LDL cholesterol into large particles of LDL cholesterol, which reduces LDL cholesterol risk.
• Niacin also reduces the oxidation of LDL, thus stopping the process of atherosclerosis.
• For most, taking 20 mg of niacin per day is sufficient.

XIII. Curcumin

• Curcumin is ginger extract, a powerful heart and brain protector, an anti-inflammatory that reduces vascular oxidative stress and fights processes that can damage the lining of arteries.
• A study of healthy volunteers showed a 33% reduction in lipid oxidation, a 12% reduction in total cholesterol, and a 29% increase in protective HDL cholesterol when patients took 500 mg of curcumin over time.

XIV. Vitamin E (tocopherol)

• Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin, an antioxidant, and should be supplemented daily with a balanced amount of vitamin E. It is involved in the process of lipolysis, which prevents the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, thus slowing down the development of atherosclerosis.
• For most people, 200 milligrams of vitamin E supplementation per day is sufficient.

XV. Drug therapy

• If adherence to the above methods for more than 3 months is not effective in lowering blood lipid levels, medication is required.
• In the case of elevated triglycerides or (and) total cholesterol, a beta drug such asFenofibrate, Clofibrate, Benzafibrate.
• In case of elevated LDL cholesterol, you need to take statins such as atorvastatin calcium and resuvastatin calcium.
• not recommendedBettes andStatins in combination.
• Lipid-lowering drugs can cause some damage to the liver and kidneys, and it is recommended that liver and kidney function and blood lipid levels be tested regularly (2 to 3 months) while taking the drug.

concluding remarks

Most people can lower their cholesterol levels by making changes to their diet, losing weight, exercising, and quitting smoking, which can have long-term benefits in preventing heart disease and stroke. There are also special supplements and vitamins that can prevent heart disease and stroke.

Author Words:Hello, I am Dr. Wei, who is committed to popularizing medical knowledge in a concise and easy-to-understand language. It is not easy to code, the content of this article is a reference to authoritative information and combined with personal experience in medicine and become, if this article is helpful to you, please help!● Click "Follow" or "Like".If your family and friends also need this knowledge, please:: ForwardingGive it to someone who needs it.

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Reference: 1. www.health.harvard.edu

2, www.webmd.com

Hypercholesterolemia is a condition in which the level of cholesterol in the blood is higher than normal, and people are usually notified, during a physical exam or when they are sick and hospitalized, that their lab results for lipids, cholesterol, are high. So, what causes high cholesterol? Is it harmful to one's body? What are the dangers? So what should you eat less of in order to be healthy if you have high cholesterol? Today, Dr. Fresh of the Department of Emergency Medicine, here, we will have a good chat with you about high cholesterol patients, in the end, should pay attention to what to eat less?

If a patient is told they have hyperlipidemia, it is important to check for the presence ofhypercholesterolemiaThe main types of hyperlipidemia are hypertriglyceridemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and mixed forms of hyperlipidemia. When there is both high cholesterol, high triglycerides and elevated LDL, it is necessary to use drugs to intervene, clinically, the general use of statins, betaine, niacin, and coupled with appropriate dietary control, usually eat less cholesterol-containing foods in life, such as meat, eggs, animal offal. Because these foods, can make the blood fat rise, because hyperlipidemia can cause great harm to the organism, so the occurrence of hyperlipidemia should go to the hospital in a timely manner, listen to the doctor's advice, timely intervention and treatment.

What are the dangers of high cholesterol

Cholesterol is a type of blood lipid, Other lipids include: triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and others. These are commonly used clinical indicators. In the clinic.High cholesterol is generally called hyperlipidemia, also known as metabolic syndrome. It is clinically very common. So what are the dangers of high cholesterol?

• Hazards to blood vessels

May lead to atherosclerosis, generally overeating, favoring high-fat diets, obese people for its high prevalence of people, and the onset of most may be combined with coronary heart disease.

• Hazards to the liver

Generally cause fatty liver, which in turn causes abnormal liver fat metabolism. Generally light and moderate fatty liver, pay attention to review, eat less greasy, eat less big fish and meat; severe fatty liver, there are symptoms, nutrition to the health, you need to go to the hospital timely intervention treatment.

• Risks to the gallbladder

It affects bile secretion, causes cholesterol crystals to form inside the gallbladder, cholesterol deposits in the gallbladder and then form stones, and in severe cases, even causes acute cholecystitis, cholangitis, and so on;

• Causes other hypermetabolic blood disorders

For example, we commonly have high blood pressure and diabetes.

What diseases can be caused by high cholesterol

• hardening of the arteries

High cholesterol indicates dyslipidemia, and if cholesterol is high for a long period of time, especially for those who keep high levels high, then these patients are prone to atherosclerosis.

• coronary heart disease

When cholesterol is high, cholesterol is deposited into the walls of blood vessels, and the more it is deposited, the more plaque is formed. If there is a lot of plaque in the arteries, the blood vessels become narrower and thinner, and the blood vessels become narrower. The narrowing of the blood vessels leads to the impairment of blood supply to the organs, and if, at this time, the plaque is formed in the heart, it will lead to coronary heart disease.

• cerebral infarction

In the same way, and with the same principle as above, if this plaque is formed in a blood vessel in the brain, then it can lead to a cerebral infarction.

So, high cholesterol, which can lead to these secondary diseases caused by this atherosclerosis, is the worst thing. So, what should we eat less of when we have high cholesterol?

What to eat less of if you have high cholesterol

If you already have high cholesterol, you should not eat foods that contain high cholesterol. For example, eat less animal fats such as for example: butter, lard, mutton fat. Eat less food containing saturated fatty acids: such as greasy, fatty meat and so on, in eating meat containing more fat, should scrape off the fat; eat less sugar high food such as: candy, chocolate, cake, grapes, bananas, etc.; eat less calorie high food, such as: deep-fried, all kinds of animal offal, etc.; eat less overly fine flour, etc.; eat less butter cake and so on food.

summarize

If in the examination, once found, your cholesterol is too high, must promptly follow the doctor's instructions for treatment, usually must beEat a light diet, less high-fat, high-calorie, high-sugar foods, and more fresh fruits and vegetables; at the same time, with a certain amount ofLow to moderate intensity aerobic slow longRunning exercise, and physical activity that is appropriate for you and that you can tolerate without getting tired and comfortable.Eating and moving can only be more beneficial to the recovery of people with high cholesterol.

I am an emergency department fresh doctor who explains complex diseases in layman's terms, purely hand-typed, it is not easy, if you think the writing is not bad, help to click a like, and forward it to the people around you, so that more people can benefit from it! If you have any questions, you can leave a message, the author sees it and will reply.

"Egg whites, eat three, and don't touch animal offal;

Animal oils, to be eaten sparingly, and vegetable fats instead;

Aquatic products, to distinguish, crabs squid can not eat;

Eat less sugar, eat less salt, and quit smoking and drinking to keep in mind."

Hello, I'm a pharmacist dedicated to cardiovascular health science, and I have some of my own experiences that I'd like to share with you regarding what you should take for high cholesterol.

Cholesterol is widely present in the human body, most abundant in the brain and nervous tissue, and high in the kidney, spleen, skin, liver and bile, and is an indispensable and important substance for animal tissue cells. It is not only involved in the formation of cell membranes, but also the raw material for the synthesis of bile acids, vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Cholesterol is medically categorized into high-density cholesterol and low-density cholesterol. The former has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system and is often referred to as "good cholesterol", while the latter increases the incidence of coronary heart disease and has a detrimental effect on the cardiovascular system and is often referred to as "bad cholesterol".

What should I eat if I have high cholesterol? We are often limited to lipid foods, there are some misunderstandings about high cholesterol diet, Wang pharmacist comprehensive reference to various authoritative information is organized as follows, I hope it can help you.

• hen's egg

Egg yolks are high cholesterol foods and should not be eaten; egg whites are moderate and should not exceed three per week.

• animal viscera

Animal liver, lungs, kidneys, pancreas, heart, brain, skin, fatty meats, fish roe, shrimp roe, crab roe, etc. are cholesterol-rich foods, so do not eat them if possible.

• animal fat

Animal fats and oils are rich in saturated fatty acids, while vegetable fats and oils are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, and thus the usual diet should be cooked with vegetable fats and oils, such as peanut oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, etc., with the exception of coconut oil.

• produced in sea, rivers or lakes

Shellfish and mollusks are also rich in cholesterol, and crabs, squid, lobster, cuttlefish, eel, loach and crucian carp should also be eaten sparingly.

• Sugars, salts

Sugar is the raw material for cholesterol, and salts affect the composition of intra- and extracellular fluids, and both should be used in moderation.

Quitting smoking, drinking and deep-frying should be considered a cliché, but Pharmacist Wang would like to add one more word of caution: it must be forbidden.

I am Pharmacist Wang, dedicated to helping you manage your body by explaining complex and difficult disease knowledge in plain words. Your praise is my greatest motivation! Also, if you have family members who struggle with cholesterol dietary taboos, please pass this article on to them!

If there is too much cholesterol in the blood, it will oxidize and deposit on the walls of blood vessels, developing into atherosclerosis and raising the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many diseases prone to old age, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease, are related to high cholesterol in the body. Next we talk about which foods contain high cholesterol.

1,animal liverThe liver contains a lot of fat and cholesterol, which makes it undesirable for patients with hyperlipidemia to consume more animal liver. Therefore, for the sake of health and disease prevention, patients with high blood lipids should not eat animal liver.

2,cream or butter (meaning varies regionally)Cream contains a lot of fat and cholesterol, and is recognized as a "cardiovascular enemy". It should be noted that, for people with high cholesterol, animal-based cream should not be eaten more, and plant-based cream is not easy to eat more.

3,鱿鱼: Every 100g of squid contains 233mg of cholesterol, which is twice as much as pork, which is generally considered to be high in cholesterol. Hypercholesterolemia patients do not exceed 50g per day, as long as the amount is not excessive, it is still very good for the human body.

4,Pork brain, crab roe, egg yolkThe content of cholesterol per 100g is over 200mg, especially pig brain and crab roe, whose cholesterol content is 2571mg and 466mg respectively.

These are representative of foods that are high in cholesterol.The table below details the cholesterol content of various foods for you to bookmark so that you can check it at any time. The further down the list you go, the less you should eat.。

Cholesterol in food should be limited to 300mg per day, or 200mg per day if there is already co-morbid coronary heart disease.It is important to note that cholesterol should not be resisted, it is also a substance that is necessary for our body, it just needs to be conscious of it.

Having said what foods people with high cholesterol need to eat less of, it is now time to briefly talk aboutTen foods that people with high cholesterol need to eat: apples, carrots, corn, oysters, almonds, kelp, garlic, milk, mandarin oranges, and tea.

Follow the "Drug Counselor Army" headline, more health questions and answers easy to read!

Outline:

I. What is cholesterol? What does it do?

II. Sources of cholesterol?

III. "Cholesterol" in medical reports

IV. Table of Cholesterol Content of Common Foods

V. What should I do if I have high cholesterol?

Main article:

I. What is cholesterol? What does it do?

Cholesterol is an essential substance in the human body, participating in the formation of cell membranes and serving as a raw material for a variety of hormones, and is a precursor for the synthesis of vitamin D3 and bile acids. A lack of cholesterol makes the walls of blood vessels fragile and vulnerable to impulses.

Therefore, cholesterol is essential in the human body.

II. Sources of cholesterol?

Cholesterol in the body is divided into two categories: endogenous and exogenous.

In this case, the effect of own fat metabolism on blood cholesterol is much greater than the effect of dietary cholesterol intake。

In vivo biosynthesis in liver and peripheral tissues, accounting for about 70% to 80%; food-borne cholesterol accounts for about 20% to 30%.

Cholesterol is found in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, which exist in several forms including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Therefore, controlling cholesterol intake

III. "Cholesterol" in medical reports

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

It is often referred to as "bad cholesterol", and its main role in the body is to transport both cholesterol and triglycerides to be utilized by cells throughout the body. An elevated LDL-C concentration in the blood, LDL-C ≥ 160mg/dL, significantly increases the risk of heart disease. The optimal figure isLess than 100 mg/dL。

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)

It is often referred to as "good cholesterol" and its role in the body is to transport excess cholesterol from all parts of the body to the liver for breakdown and elimination. Thus, it protects the heart and blood vessels by removing excess cholesterol from the blood. We want the level of HDL-C in our blood to be≥40mg/ dL。

➤LDL-C & HDL-C

LDL-C与HDL-Clevels indicate the health or lack thereof of our heart and vascular system, so pay attention the next time you read your medical report.LDL-CThe more controlled the level of低the better, andHDL-CThe more controlled the level of the高The better.

IV. Table of Cholesterol Content of Common Foods

V. What should I do if I have high cholesterol?

1. Firstly, a balanced diet according to the recommended intake of the Dietary Guidelines

2、Attention to avoid foods with high cholesterol content

In patients with relatively high total cholesterol and LDL on physical examination, cholesterol intake still needs to be limited.

A balanced diet is the foundation of good health, and consume foods high in cholesterol within the recommended range.

Animal offal food, rich in fat-soluble vitamins, B vitamins and other trace elements, moderate intake of good health. However, fatty meat fat food itself saturated fatty acids, cholesterol and other content are too high, should minimize consumption.

3. For foods with relatively high cholesterol content, healthy people eat like this:

Fish, poultry, eggs and income intake should be moderate (weekly);

Fish 280-525g.

280-525g for livestock and poultry.

Eggs 280-350g.

Average total daily intake is 120-200g;

Priority is given to fish and poultry;

have an eggnever give up the yolk；

It is recommended to consume animal offal food 2-3 times a month, about 25g each time

Cholesterol is usually found in animal foods, especially animal offal contains high cholesterol, so patients with hypercholesterolemia should eat less or no animal brains, crab roe and animal offal, which includes liver, kidney, large intestine and small intestine.

Animal fats, egg yolks, fried foods, and meats are also high in cholesterol, so eat them sparingly. Although egg yolks are high in cholesterol, they also contain lecithin, which is beneficial to human health, and people with hypercholesterolemia can eat an egg every other day.

Plant-based foods do not contain cholesterol, so to ensure your protein intake, eat soybeans and their products. You can also eat some lean meat, chicken, fish and other foods rich in high-quality protein, but control the amount you eat.

Control the amount of cooking oil, especially banning animal oils, and limit vegetable oils to less than 25 grams per day. Olive oil is also a good choice if you have the means to cook your food.

For patients with hypercholesterolemia, cooking food with less deep-frying and more stewing and boiling methods are preferred. The oil temperature of frying should not be too high to reduce the production of trans fatty acids.

In order to reduce the incidence of hypertension, patients with hypercholesterolemia should also control their salt intake in their diet to less than 5 grams per day. A light diet is good for your health.

It is advisable to eat food with coarse fiber, including vegetables and fruits, etc. Food with coarse fiber is helpful for the excretion of cholesterol.Some foods that are good for lowering blood lipids are usually advisable, such as ginger, garlic, onion, radish, tomato, hawthorn, celery, bean sprouts, fungus and tea.

Patients with hypercholesterolemia, in addition to eating less or no animal offal in the course of dietary therapy, should go outdoors and exercise moderately to maintain a healthy weight. Such as brisk walking, jogging, tai chi and so on.

In recent years, cholesterol seems to have a bad name, but in fact it has an important function in human metabolism and is an indispensable nutrient for the human body. It is a kind of "jointing agent", cell membranes in its role in the mutual joints, or the body of many active substances in the synthesis of raw materials such as bile, sex hormones (testosterone), adrenaline (cortisol) and vitamin D and so on.

Sources of Cholesterol

Cholesterol is mainly found in animal foods (sterols in plants are called phytosterols and have the effect of lowering serum cholesterol), and the human body can synthesize cholesterol itself. The problem of cholesterol is actually a matter of how much intake, people who eat a vegetarian diet without eating animal food will also exist high cholesterol, fat in the process of metabolism will generate cholesterol, the 2016 version of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese residents for the recommended amount of cholesterol to read. Excess cholesterol can cause the accumulation of fatty plaque on the vascular bik, which in turn causes disease. Researchers have found a strong link between high cholesterol and heart disease, with a 1 percent reduction in cholesterol levels meaning a 2 percent decrease in the risk of dying from heart disease.

Cholesterol, as a lipid, does not dissolve directly in the bloodstream, but rather combines with proteins to form "lipoprotein" particles that move through the bloodstream. There are two types of lipoproteins that transport cholesterol, one is called low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL---C) which is called "bad cholesterol", LDL---C is the cholesterol that provides the whole body with essential cholesterol, and too much accumulation of LDL---C in the body will lead to atherosclerosis, which is the cause of cardiovascular diseases; the other is called high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL---C) which is called "bad cholesterol", and the other is called "high density lipoprotein cholesterol". High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL---C) is called "good cholesterol", the role of HDL-C is to recycle excess cholesterol in the body and send it back to the liver, which can remove cholesterol and can also fight against low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

How to prevent total cholesterol (TC)?

It is important to look not only at the level of HDL-C in cholesterol, but also at the total cholesterol (TC)/HDL ratio, which is used to measure the risk of heart attack. In the case of women, low HDL levels are more valuable than high LDL in predicting a heart attack, while in men, high LDL is extremely important in predicting the occurrence of a heart attack in men. When the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL is greater than 4, it suggests a risk of cerebral infarction.

Prevention of hypercholesterolemia focuses on changing poor lifestyle and dietary habits.

1. Control the intake of fat, the average serum TC is positively correlated with the proportion of total dietary fat and saturated fatty acids. Reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids, exclude the intake of trans fatty acids, and choose monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g. nuts, flaxseed oil, olive oil, etc.).

2, reduce the intake of simple sugar and sodium in food, increase the intake of dietary fiber, minerals and vitamins, dietary fiber can reduce serum cholesterol.

3. Maintain a healthy weight. Research has found that for every 2.7kg of body weight lost, HDL is raised by one unit. Appropriate physical activity, aerobic exercise 3 - 5 times a week, weekly exercise time is guaranteed to be about 1.5 ----2.5 hours.

4. Cessation of smoking and prohibition of alcohol.

Dietary animal offal, fatty meat, animal brain cholesterol content is very high, high cholesterol patients try to eat as little as possible, you can eat fish, poultry, pay attention to the fish of silverfish, loach, eel cholesterol content, the yolk of the egg cholesterol content is high, you can eat half a day, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, daily intake of legumes and dairy, moderate adherence to the exercise, maintain a pleasant mood.

References:

Chinese Nutrition Society Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents, 2016 Edition People's Health Publishing House

Fan Zhihong, "Elderly should eat less fish to control cholesterol

Prediction of Cerebral Infarction by Serum Total Cholesterol to High Density Lipoprotein Ratio by Xiaoyue Yu

Thanks for the invite.

At present, the three high has evolved into five high, not only is the previous high blood pressure, high blood fat, high blood sugar, and now also more high uric acid and high cholesterol, these eat out of the rich and expensive diseases, into the current most threatening people to get sick "cardiovascular and cerebrovascular chronic diseases," the main culprits, therefore, in order to prevent these chronic diseases, we should pay more attention to the correct Therefore, in order to prevent these chronic diseases, we should pay more attention to the correct dietary habits and habits of rest and relaxation, should be appropriate exercise, improve physical fitness.

Cholesterol is actually a substance necessary for the human body, basically 99% of the membrane structure of our cells is cholesterol as raw material, without cholesterol it can be said that the human body is ashes, but cholesterol has bad cholesterol and good cholesterol, good cholesterol is also known as high-density lipoproteins, and bad cholesterol is called low-density lipoproteins, we should raise high-density lipoproteins and reduce low-density lipoproteins, because. If LDL increases, it will cause plasma cholesterol and triglycerides to increase, forming hyperlipidemia. In addition, LDL will also bind other proteins to attach to blood vessels, possibly forming atherosclerosis. The function of HDL, on the other hand, is to reverse transport cholesterol, which is to transport lipids from the periphery to the liver for catabolism and metabolism. To put it another way, an increase in LDL is detrimental to lipid metabolism, while an increase in HDL is beneficial to lipid catabolism, i.e., it is good for the body. What we call high cholesterol is mainly the increase of LDL in the blood.

The main organ for synthesizing endogenous cholesterol (synthesized by the body itself) is the liver. Therefore, if you want to maintain the normal secretion of cholesterol, you have to protect the health of the liver, do not drink and smoke a lot of alcohol in your daily life, standardize your daily routine and eat less oily, cold and irritating food to protect the health of the liver. The other is the source of exogenous cholesterol (through food intake), in general, exogenous cholesterol only accounts for 20-30% of the total cholesterol, the impact is not great, so as long as less cholesterol higher food is good, the recommended daily intake of cholesterol per person is 300-500 mg. cholesterol content of the food is high in fatty meats, animal offal, animal blood, eggs, food, chocolate, more greasy food! Therefore, these foods can not be eaten more, as long as the appropriate consumption of the total cholesterol of the impact is not great. A small amount of alcohol and an egg a day can actually help curb high cholesterol, so don't exclude eating eggs.