Lung nodules have become a nightmare for medical checkups, and many smokers around the age of 50 can't sleep at night for fear of malignancy after having a physical examination for CT and discovering a small nodule, and from time to time, patients with a film full of sadness come to the outpatient clinic to inquire about a small nodule, just to know whether it is malignant or benign. In fact, nodules smaller than 1cm are difficult to be diagnosed clearly through bronchoscopy, lung puncture and other methods, and only surgery can finally confirm the diagnosis, so it is best to have a more reliable judgment before the surgery, whether it is more likely to be benign or malignant, so the doctor will consider from which dimensions, the following is a brief introduction for you.

Let's first look at two specific nodules that represent two of the more typical types, the latter being of most concern to everyone.

Calcified nodule

The human body is a marvelous structure that is both flesh and blood and capable of growing stones. Small nodules in the lungs have one such type of stone, and a lung nodule that is accompanied by calcification has, in fact, grown into a stone. Can a stone grow cancerous cells? Obviously, it is essentially impossible, and therefore, you don't need to worry too much about this type, and it is good to have it reviewed once every 2 to 3 years.

ground-glass nodule

The focus is the grinding glass nodules, grinding glass is similar to a small piece of water vapor on the car window glass, hazy to see, but not completely block the line of sight, grinding glass nodules can be divided into full grinding glass nodules, mixed grinding glass nodules, the outer periphery of the increasingly faded, the middle of the middle seems to be more dense, and sometimes looks like uneven density, similar to the outside of the pulp, the inside of the hard nucleus, both need to be vigilant, and very often it is lung cancer. These two kinds of nodules need to be alerted, and many times it is lung cancer.

In addition, the number of nodules is helpful in determining the nature of the nodules.

Multiple nodules

Multiple nodules are defined as at least 2 or more small nodules on the lungs, and with such multiple nodules, there is a more reliable rule that the more concentrated the nodules are, such as in one lobe segment on one side of the lung, the more likely they are to be benign, and the more they are scattered, in multiple lobes, and especially if they are distributed peripherally close to the chest wall in both small and large sizes, the more likely they are to be malignant, and may be metastatic from other organs.

Isolated small nodules

The distribution of small, isolated nodules is delicate, and if they are present alone in the upper lungs, tuberculosis should be considered in addition to the tumor, and in our country, where tuberculosis is a highly prevalent disease, it is all the more important to put it in the first place to be excluded. In particular, nodules with thin-walled cavities in the upper lungs should be considered as tuberculosis if they are surrounded by satellite foci.

There are often articles on the Internet that say that lung nodules with burrs around them is a bad disease, and the possibility of tumors is very high, in fact, there is no need to worry, especially for nodules less than 5mm, even with burrs, many times it is also benign, then, will lung infections lead to the appearance of nodules with burrs on the lungs, and the answer is yes, the following is a specific analysis of the lungs with burrs nodules.

What is a burr?

The so-called burr is that there are some small protrusions around the lung nodules, which look like tentacles sticking out from the surrounding. On the nodules formed by lung cancer, most of such burrs are formed by the surrounding blood vessels concentrating like the nodules and supplying nutrients to the tumors, and sometimes the tentacles formed by the precursors growing around the inside of the nodules will also form burrs. Burr is most common in lung cancer, but it does not necessarily mean that the growth of burr is a tumor.

What a benign burr looks like

Benign burrs are burrs formed by lung nodules caused by benign diseases, which are not uncommon, especially in a country like ours where tuberculosis is prevalent, nodules with burrs in the lungs caused by tuberculosis are more common. Tuberculosis is a chronic contagious disease, and foci formed in the lungs will initially proliferate and become larger, but in the later stages of the healing process, there is a phenomenon of contraction, which pulls on the surrounding tissues, causing the surrounding lung texture to resemble the lesion in several ways. Such a burr is usually longer, and the burr, unlike a tumor burr that gets thicker the closer it gets to the lesion, becomes thinner and thinner.

We encountered in the outpatient clinic lung nodule patients are often concerned about the following aspects, the consultation asked the most are also these points, in fact, when asked has been weighing the nature of the patient's nodule tendency, you can compare.

Over 400 years of smoking

For the severity of smoking, the medical use of smoking index to judge, this index refers to the number of years of smoking multiplied by so far every day to do more smoking index, such as smoking a pack of 20 cigarettes a day, smoking for 20 years, the smoking index is 20 multiplied by 20, equal to 400 years of cigarettes, this index is directly proportional to the risk of lung cancer, 400 years of cigarettes is a threshold, more than this number of nodules in the judgment of more inclined to malignancy. The 400 years is a threshold above which nodules are more likely to be malignant.

Prevalence of cancer in immediate family members

In medicine, a family with many people suffering from cancer is called a cancer family, and members of a cancer family are at a higher risk of developing cancer. Regardless of whether there are small nodules in the lungs or not, it is necessary to have a physical examination once a year, I personally managed a patient whose father and brother both passed away from lung cancer, and he had no nodules in the lungs one year ago, and a 1cm-sized nodule appeared in the lungs one year later, and it was confirmed to be a malignant tumor after surgical resection.

Characteristics of lung nodules

Malignant tumors also have some features that distinguish them from other benign nodules on chest CT due to their growth characteristics. Malignant tumors generally surround the most initially malignant cells to the surrounding infiltrative growth, the middle is dense because of the many tumor cells, the surrounding is lighter in density because they are all cells that penetrate deep into the normal tissues like the special forces, there are some nodules with more than one center of growth, this kind of nodule is like a pile-up of multiple nodules, and the possibility of malignancy is also higher, and there are also some nodules that do not have obvious centers, and the overall Some nodules have no obvious center, and the whole nodule shows infiltration and growth in the form of ground glass, like air and water on the glass, which is called ground glass nodule, and it is best to do away with this kind of nodule as soon as possible.

Presence of underlying diseases

There are some diseases that are prone to concurrent lung cancer, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and these diseases are especially important to watch out for if small nodules are detected, especially in the middle and lower lungs, where the likelihood of malignancy is higher.

Presence of tumor-related symptoms

I have mentioned many times before the external manifestations of some tumors, such as blood in the sputum, swelling at the end of the fingertips, the inexplicable appearance of irregular rashes on the surface of the body, and the eyes are not the same size, and people with these symptoms should pay special attention to the lungs, and it is best to have early surgical treatment for any problems that may arise.

Lung nodules are generally less than 2cm, even if it is malignant, most of them are in the earliest stage, early judgment and early surgery can be cured, although it will lose part of the lung function, but the life expectancy is basically the same as normal people, of course, it needs to quit smoking, good maintenance and proper exercise, for nodules less than 8mm, it is generally difficult to diagnose benign and malignant, you can follow up for a long time to observe the changes, if there is no change in the long term there is no need to If there is no change in the long term, there is no need to worry.

Lung nodules are a type of shaped, confined solid tissue that appears denser than the lungs on x-ray, ct, and other imaging tests of the lungs, and are usually round or oval in shape.

Above is a CT examination that revealed multiple round-like nodules in the lungs, and multiple metastases in the lungs were considered in conjunction with the history of the tumor.

There are many possibilities for lung nodules, depending on the specific situation

Lung nodules may be bleeding spots, they may be inflammatory reactions, they may or may not be benign tissue such as benign tumors, and of course they may be malignant tissue such as metastatic lung cancer. Imaging can only show that there is a different tissue present, but the specific substance of this tissue can be judged roughly, and the gold standard needs to look at the pathology.

Although imaging cannot tell what its substance is, an experienced doctor may make a general judgment about the nature of lung nodules by their location, size, number, and smoothness around the nodule. Generally speaking, if the nodule is larger than 3cm, which is called a mass, accompanied by necrosis or other malignant signs, then the possibility of malignancy is relatively high; if the nodule is smaller than 3cm, with short-term enlargement or signs such as burr and shallow lobe, then it is only malignant possible.

For this kind of lung nodule that still continues to grow, it is recommended to go to the doctor for a careful identification through imaging, comparing the nodule edges and density to see if there is any significant change, and then it is best to go through some tests to determine whether it is good or bad, as well as the cause of the disease.

In addition to imaging, sputum cytology can be chosen, which is to take sputum and then carry out to see if there are shed cancer cells; if the location is close to the bronchus, bronchoscopy can be carried out, and at the same time, pathology can be taken; and tumor markers can also be carried out.

If the presence of lung nodules is accompanied by some uncomfortable symptoms, such as chest pain, dyspnea, blood in sputum and other symptoms, it is recommended that you do not delay and immediately consult the respiratory or thoracic surgery department of the hospital.

I'm Dr. Shadow. With the popularization of CT, the detection rate of lung nodules is gradually increasing. Many people find lung nodules because they go for physical examination. Most of the lung nodules found in physical examination are benign, so there is no need to worry too much. However, if the nodules become larger during the three-month, six-month or one-year follow-up, then we should be vigilant, and there is a high possibility of malignancy. If this happens, it is important to see a thoracic surgeon to see if the film can be removed early and dealt with as soon as possible if it can be dealt with.

What are lung nodules?

A pulmonary nodule is commonly referred to as a lesion in the lungs that should not be there. A nodule is defined as ≤3cm and >3cm is called a mass. They can be flaky, roundish, long oval, and so on.

Solid lung nodules, ground glass nodules and mixed ground glass nodules, there are benign and malignant nodules. Benign nodules are inflammatory, such as tuberculosis, bacterial infections, fungal infections and viral infections, as well as benign nodules, such as misshapen tumors, sclerosing hemangiomas, and so on, which are slow-growing. Malignant nodules are lung cancer, which grows fast compared to benign nodules. Mixed glass and pure glass malignant nodules can grow slowly or even not at all in the early stage, which is called "lazy cancer".

Lung nodules are growing, what can I do about it?

Lung nodules found on physical examination, the imaging doctor looks at the film, and if there are signs of malignancy, the doctor will directly write that lung cancer is possible, which should be dealt with aggressively, and further other tests can be done to provide more information to see if it is lung cancer.

For small nodules with no signs of malignancy for the time being, the doctor will recommend follow-up examinations. The follow-up time depends on the size and shape of the nodule. If the nodule is very small, <0.5cm, it can be once every half a year, and if the nodule is >1cm and not very shiny, once every 2-3 months will be recommended. However, some people are very anxious and come in one month, the review found that the nodule is big, finished, is it lung cancer? If the nodule is found to have doubled in size in such a short period of time, it just means that it is more likely to be a benign nodule, because pneumonia is the only one that can change so much in a short period of time, and lung cancer seldom shows a doubling in size in a month.

However, if the nodule grows bigger and bigger in half a year, one year or even two years during the follow-up process, and the signs of malignancy keep showing up, the possibility of lung cancer is very high, and it must be dealt with at an early stage, and should not be taken lightly. The picture below shows the process of watching a lung cancer that gradually grew from a small nodule into a mass over the past 3 years. I can only say, this heart is too big.

If the lung nodules are unchanged after three years of follow-up, benign is highly likely. However, for ground glass nodules or mixed ground glass nodules, follow-up is still recommended. I have seen a mixed ground glass nodule that grew for 6 years and only got 1cm bigger, and it ended up being a microinvasive adenocarcinoma.

I'm Dr. Shadow, and I'm looking for more medicine, so please follow me.

Tuberculosis is characterized by non-caseating granulomas in more than one organ system, with the lungs and mediastinum and hilar lymph nodes being the most susceptible sites. The emphasis on non-caseating granulomas is due to the fact that caseating granulomas are the pathologic manifestation of tuberculosis. In layman's terms, a pulmonary nodule is a non-caseating granuloma in the lungs. Chest radiographs show enlarged and mostly symmetrical hilar lymph nodes, and CT shows single or multiple small nodular shadows in the lungs bilaterally.

At this stage, the etiology of pulmonary nodular disease is unclear, and immune mechanisms may play an important role. Pulmonary nodular disease is often accompanied by nodules in other organs, with ocular, cutaneous and cardiac nodules being the most common clinical conditions. In general, nodal disease may stabilize over a long period of time, and in about 2/3 of cases the nodules may dissipate on their own, but the time to dissipation is mostly less than 2 years, and if the nodules do not dissipate or increase in size progressively beyond this time period, this suggests that they may be progressively worsening. If ocular, cardiac, or neurologic nodules develop or if breathing is affected, immediate treatment is required. Although glucocorticoids in cannot slow the progression of nodular disease, they can control symptoms. Prednisone is started at 0.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per day and may be used up to 1.0 mg per kilogram of body weight per day in severe cases, with typical treatment lasting 6-12 months.

And, lung nodules are a description of lung manifestations from imaging, and simple lung nodules may also be an imaging manifestation of lung cancer. In the presence of lung nodule images, the risk of lung cancer needs to be identified. The main risk factor for lung nodules is smoking, which is associated with death in most lung cancer patients. For lung nodule shadows, advanced age, previous history of cancer, family history of lung cancer, and exposure to asbestos, radon, and uranium are also risk factors for lung cancer.

In summary, if the lung nodules continue to grow, attention should be paid to differentiate nodal disease from lung cancer by high-resolution CT examination combined with clinical manifestations.

Xiong Zhaogang, Pharmacist-in-Charge, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, China

The authoritative interpretation of Pharmaceutical Affairs, unauthorized reproduction, plagiarism will be punished.

The medical term for many of the abnormalities found on physical examination in the lungs is called a mass or a nodule. Lumps are usually large, more than 3 centimeters in diameter, while nodules are smaller, referring to new organisms less than 3 centimeters, of which those less than 1 centimeter can also be called small nodules. Of course, a small percentage of nodules can grow and become lumps.

Lung nodule growth, generally divided into 2 kinds, one is a short-term sudden growth, usually refers to 2 to 3 months. This kind of should be considered benign especially inflammatory possibility, of course, this should be analyzed according to the specific problem. According to the different images to consider, for example, pulmonary nodules in the short term appeared satellite foci, multiple nodules in the lungs, this is to consider the possibility of tuberculosis. For example, if the nodule grows up, and there is ground-glass shadow in the periphery, and there is a halo sign, this is the first consideration for the possibility of fungal infection.

The other is slow growth. For example, there are nodules that just grow gradually from 6 mm to 9 mm over a 2-year follow-up period, at which point the possibility of malignancy is highly suspected from a clinical point of view.

Follow-up time is different for different sizes of lung nodules, less than 5mm: 1 year review for pure ground glass, 6 months review for impure;5-10 mm: six-month review for pure ground glass, three or six months for mixed ground glass depending on the size of malignancy potential (same as below), and 1.5 or three months for solid depending on the size of malignancy potential (same as below).10-20 mm: pure ground glass 3 or 6 months, mixed ground glass immediate surgery or 3 month review, solid i.e. surgery or 1.5 month review;Greater than 20 mm: all with high malignancy potential were operated on, and those with low malignancy potential were reviewed at 3, 1.5, and 1 month, respectively.

Some time ago, a family member of one of our employees was arrested for findingNodule in the upper lobe of the right lung for 2 yearsCome and get hospitalized.

According to his introduction, 2 years ago in the field checkup found nodules in the upper lobe of the right lung, the local hospital diagnosed as tuberculosis, had a standardized anti-TB treatment, and then there are regular review, did not find the nodules increased. This year, the physical examination found that the lung nodules have slightly increased, after all, is a family member of medical personnel, health awareness is still relatively strong, and then came to our hospital for hospitalization. Cardiothoracic surgeon combined with the patient's situation comprehensive consideration, and finally performed the right lung upper lobectomy combined with local lymph node clearance and sent for examination, the results of the pathological return suggests:Invasive adenocarcinoma!Thankfully no transfer has been detected yet!

In recent years, with the wide application of low-dose CT technology and the large-scale popularization of medical check-ups, more and more patients have been found with lung nodules. While improving the detection rate of early lung cancer and tiny lung cancer, it also brings a lot of new problems: many people start to suspect that they have lung cancer as soon as they find small lung nodules on the medical checkup report form, and they are depressed all day long and have difficulty in sleeping and eating, which seriously affects their work and quality of life.

What are lung nodules?

Pulmonary nodules are nodular shadows <3 cm in diameter that grow within the lung parenchyma and are not part of normal lung tissue.About 80% or more of lung nodules are benign, theOnly a very small percentage of nodules are malignant.

Therefore, lung nodules are not equivalent to lung cancer!However, the discovery of lung nodules, the need to standardize the whole process of management and follow-up, not to be taken lightly, regardless of, and do not have to be overly anxious, tossing and turning.

What should I do if I find a lung nodule?

Once a lung nodule is detected, there is no need to be overly nervous. You should take the results of the report to a specialized physician for evaluation, who will take appropriate diagnosis and treatment and follow-up measures according to the specific situation.

Generally speaking, if the nodule increases rapidly within a short period of time, one should be alert to the possibility of malignancy; if the nodule does not grow within two years, it can generally be regarded as a benign or very slowly developing lung cancer, and yearly review is recommended.

1. Nodule diameter≤4mmshouldeach yearOne follow-up visit;

2、Nodule diameter inBetween 4 and 6 millimetersThe following should be done at regular intervals.6 monthsOne follow-up visit; if the nodule is unchanged, theeach yearRegular follow-up visits;

3. Nodule diameter inBetween 6 and 8 millimeters, which should be in the initial3~6 monthsReviewed once between9 to 12 monthsReview again between and if there is no change in theeach yearRegular follow-up visits;

4. If the lung nodules>8 mm, especially if the margins are irregular and hairier, then malignancy is considered more likely and further tests such as enhanced CT or puncture biopsy should be performed to clarify the diagnosis.

Therefore, if a physical examination reveals a small nodule in the lung, do not be overly alarmed, it is not necessarily cancer; even if it is cancer, there is no need to be afraid, and surgical resection can be considered. At present, surgical resection is the best means of radical treatment for malignant lung nodules. With timely and appropriate treatment, some malignant nodules can still be completely cured.

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Lung nodules are found in Chinese medicine and Western medicine, which have different theoretical systems and different methods and advantages in disease prevention and treatment. Huang Di Nei Jing (The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine) believes that the etiology of tumors is "evil qi resides in the middle of the tumor for a long time", and it has been recognized that cancer tumors are caused by external evils, dietary fatigue and emotional disorders, which lead to phlegm, dampness, fire, stagnation of qi, and stagnation of blood to become "accumulations" in a long period of time. Therefore, Chinese medicine treatment emphasizes on identifying the constitution without symptoms, identifying the symptoms with symptoms, controlling the growth of nodules and reducing the size of nodules through Chinese medicine treatment, and improving the constitution of easy-to-grow nodules.

Lung nodules, are very common, both in older heat and younger people. They are usually dense shadows on a chest CT and can be large or small. Generally chest X-ray is more difficult to see, are mainly chest CT to see.

If a lung nodule is getting bigger, if it is getting bigger over a short period of time, many times it is caused by inflammation. If they are getting bigger slowly, there are many possibilities, such as lung cancer.

So, you need to try to identify the cause of the lung nodule that gets bigger and try to deal with it as soon as possible. If it is caused by inflammation, it can be treated with antibiotics, such as levofloxacin tablets (this antibiotic can only be used after adulthood). If it is lung cancer, then it is more important to pay attention to it, if it is bigger, then it often needs to be hospitalized to check it out, usually checking the chest CT enhancement to assist in determining the benignness or malignancy of the lung nodule, if it is highly suspected of malignant lung cancer, then it needs to be aggressively biopsied to clarify the pathology, and then treated. There are many ways to perform a definitive biopsy, the common ones being lung puncture, bronchoscopy, and minimally invasive surgery.

Specifically, one needs to see the paper version of the report, with the symptoms, and with the patient's past medical and family history to better assess the benignity and malignancy and to better manage it.

What is a nodule?

"Nodules" on the medical report.

Mostly, it means that during an ultrasound or a radiograph

We've got a shadow of an unidentified blob.

But it's not really clear what it is.

It could be a bacterial, fungal infection

Inflammation generated

Or it could be an old lesion from a long time ago.

Scarring of the organs.

Or maybe it just sounds scary.

But most benign tumors are benign and harmless.

There's only a very small percentage that people are afraid of.

Malignant tumors that are often called "cancer" by the general public.

... ...

Small nodules in the lungs, benign or malignant?

Of course, it's not sensible to have surgery as soon as you find a small nodule.

Experts suggest the following 5 tips to determine, whether it is malignant or not.

Morphology: benign nodules are generally regular in shape; malignant are irregular.

Margins: benign nodules have clear, burr-free margins; malignant ones have tiny burrs.

Relationship to adjacent tissues: benign nodules are not associated with adjacent tissues; malignant mostly with pulling of the adjacent pleura.

Other secondary changes in the chest: malignant nodules can cause enlarged lymph nodes and hydrothorax; benign ones do not.

Time to enlargement: benign nodules generally do not increase in size; malignant nodules increase in size rapidly.

If you can't tell by the above points, you can have a chest CT to further confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment of pulmonary nodules by Chinese and Western medicine

Western medicine: regular follow-up observation, nodules larger than 8mm, or lobulation, burrs, pleural pulling, vascular shadows and other obvious malignant features, through the

Over surgical removal of the lesion.

Cons: The surgery does not just remove a pulmonary nodule, but an entire lobe of the lung, and is a level 3 or 4 surgery, a relatively large procedure with

Certain risks, more traumatic to the body. Also after removal, there is a certain chance of recurrence.

Chinese medicine: for inflammatory and precancerous nodules, according to the four diagnostic methods, identify the cause of the disease and carry out symptomatic treatment to inhibit and dissipate the nodules.

At the same time, it improves the physique and changes the body's internal environment to prevent repeated growth of nodules.

Disadvantage: For lung nodules over 1cm and with more obvious malignant characteristics, it is not possible to inhibit the growth of the nodules quickly.

Pulmonary nodules are round or round-like abnormal lesions of tissue that occur in the lungs and may be caused by scarring, inflammation, benign tumors, or malignant tumors. Because nodules are denser than normal inflated alveoli, they appear as white shadows on x-ray. In general, round or round-like lesions in the lungs that are less than 3 centimeters in diameter are called "nodules", and if they are less than 1 centimeter in diameter, they are called "small nodules".

Regarding lung nodules can be classified as benign and malignant, common nodules or small nodules in the lungs include spherical pneumonia, tuberculosis ball, misshapen tumor benign, fibrous hyperplasia, etc., pre-cancerous lesions are atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, and malignant lesions may be primary lung cancer or metastatic carcinoma in the lungs.. Many people panic when they find out small nodules in their lungs during medical checkups, hoping that they can be operated immediately. Experts say that although the incidence of lung cancer is high, more than 95% of small nodules in the lungs are not lung cancer, and most of the small nodules in the lungs only need to be closely observed.

In general, lung nodules smaller than 0.8 centimeters with clear, smooth margins are more likely to be benign, but regular observation is still necessary.If the nodule increases rapidly in size over a short period of time, it may be malignant. Regarding the benign or malignant nature of small nodules in the lungs, they should be closely followed and require the judgment of an experienced physician. Details about small nodules in the lungs are described below:

What should I do if I find nodules in my lungs?

Don't be alarmed when nodules or small nodules are found in the lungs during a physical examination, but seek medical attention for further examination. Doctors will use appropriate tests according to the specific situation, such as lung CT regular follow-up, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, C T localization under the puncture, sputum cytology and so on for further diagnosis.There is an international and national consensus on the management of isolated lung nodules, and the consensus contains detailed principles for the management of lung nodules in terms of size, solid nodules or sub-solid nodules.

Domestic experts generally recommend the American Fleischnerzhi guidelines, which suggest that solid nodules less than or equal to 4 millimeters and sub-solid lung nodules less than or equal to 5 millimeters should not be followed up with CT. However, there are different opinions on this treatment; malignant lesions in the lungs are formed gradually from small to large, so physical examination is still needed once a year for nodal lesions less than or equal to 5 mm. Other sizes of nodules are taken three to six months or even a year to review once for two to three years. If a small nodule in the lung is found to be unchanged within two years, it can be basically considered a benign nodule.

Regular postoperative reviews are required

If there are changes in the nodes, the next steps in the treatment should be worked out based on the changes. It is important to note thatNodules larger than 1 cm should be determined as benign or malignant as possible by a variety of methods. If there is a high suspicion that a small nodule in the lung is an early-stage cancer, it should be surgically removed and the five-year survival rate can be more than 80%.

If surgical treatment is not possible due to personal reasons, stereotactic radiotherapy is also available. Surgery is an important means of lung cancer treatment, and it can achieve a radical effect for early stage lung cancer. However, it is still necessary to have regular review after surgery to determine whether follow-up treatment is needed through the development of the disease, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine.

Mixed ground glass nodules that are partially solid have a high probability of becoming cancerous

Lung nodules are divided into solid nodules and ground glass nodules, and pure solid nodules have a low probability of malignancy. However, if a pure solid nodule increases in size on review within three or six months, it should be given high priority.Pulmonary Frosted Glass Nodules are cloudy, thin shadows of mildly increased density, rounded nodules similar in appearance to frosted glass, observed on chest C T.There is no need to be afraid about lung ground glass nodules because it is not always cancer, and even if it is cancer its progression is not as fast as one might think, and sometimes inflammation of the lungs, fungal infections, and hemorrhage can cause these changes.

Milled glass nodules can be divided into pure milled glass nodules and partially solid mixed milled glass nodules, pure milled glass nodules with a diameter of less than 1 centimeter are mostly benign, while mixed milled glass nodules are like egg yolks, with bright points inside and cloudy round-like shadows on the sides, which should be given high priority, but there is no need to be alarmed and not to be psychologically pressured in the first place.If the mixed ground glass nodule is accompanied by pleural pulling with shallow lobulation and burring, this should be opened immediately. However, for those patients who have been observed for many years and have no change in the review or who are older, conservative treatment with herbal medicine is preferred.

What are the causes of malignancy in small pulmonary nodules?

Whether or not a pulmonary nodule becomes malignant is related to several factors: the size and shape of the nodule, as well as its location, are related to whether or not malignancy will occur;The number of nodules, which increases the risk of primary lung cancer when the total number of nodules is one to four, but decreases the risk if the count is five or more; the growth rate of the nodule, the volume doubling time of solid lung cancer is mostly between 100 and 400 days; the presence of emphysema, fibrosis and other factors affecting the malignancy, such as age, gender, family history, and the smoking status and exposure history of other carcinogens.

What are the chances of lung cancer in lung nodules?

The data suggest that of all isolated nodular lesions in the lungs, the number of malignant tumors is much smaller than the number of benign lesions. In people younger than 35 years of age, theThe chance of presenting an isolated nodule in the lung as a malignant tumor is only 1% to 3%, whereas it can be up to 50% in people over 40 years of age, and the chance of malignant tumors increases with age, up to 70% in patients aged 70 years.The likelihood that an isolated nodule in the lung is malignant is only 3% to 6% when a large sample of the population is censored by chest radiograph.

Who are the high-risk groups that need to be screened for lung cancer?

In general, people over 50 years of age with any of the following risk factors are considered to be at high risk for lung cancer screening: 1) smokers who smoke ≥ 20 packs/year, including former smokers who have been smoking for less than 15 years; 2) passive smokers; 3) a history of occupational exposure, such as previous exposure to asbestos, beryllium, uranium, radon, etc.; and 4) history of malignant tumors or a family history of lung cancer; 5) History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (C O P D) or diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.

One final note.After the discovery of lung nodules hospitals usually recommend follow-up 3 to 6 months to review, during this period do not rush to surgery, you should try to let the Chinese medicine to follow the treatment, especially the elderly and frail people.Elderly people over 80 years of age whose heart and other organs have aged, and whose bodies may not be able to stand the operation, which will have a serious impact on their quality of life, should try Chinese medicine.